Nutritional knowledge, anthropometric profile, total cholesterol and motivations in vegetarians and non-vegetarians

• Jacksaint Saintila ^[1] ; Tabita E. Lozano López ^[1] ; Yaquelin E. Calizaya-Milla ^[1] ; Salomón Huancahuire-Vega ^[1] ; Michael White ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad Peruana Unión

     Universidad Peruana Unión

     Perú

     
• Localización: Nutrición clínica y dietética hospitalaria, ISSN 0211-6057, Vol. 41, Nº. 1, 2021, págs. 91-98
• Idioma: inglés
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Dialnet Métricas: 1 Cita
• Resumen

  • Background: Research often reports on the anthropometric and biochemical profile of vegetarians and non-vegetarians, yet few have compared nutritional knowledge in both populations. This cross-sectional study compared nutritional knowledge, anthropometric profile and total cholesterol in vegetarians and non-vegetarians. In addition, the motivations for choosing a vegetarian diet were analyzed. Methods: A registry card and a questionnaire were administered to evaluate sociodemographic, anthropometric, total cholesterol, nutritional knowledge and motivation data of the vegetarians. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and t-student tests, considering a significance level of 5%. Results: No significant difference was found in the level of nutritional knowledge of the two groups. In addition, a sufficient score was not observed in either group (>80 %). Vegetarians had significantly lower average weight, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) compared to non-vegetarians (59.948 ± 8,923 kg vs. 64.362 ± 12.272 kg, p=0.017), (23.22 ± 3.026 kg/m2 vs. 25.152 ± 3,373 kg/m2, p<0.01) and (78.435 ± 10.883 cm vs. 86.207 ± 13.662 cm, p<0.01), respectively. Total cholesterol concentration was significantly lower in vegetarians (166.307 ± 26.139 mg/dL vs. 189.138 ± 38.451 mg/dL, p<0.01). The "health benefits" were the main motivations to opt for vegetarianism (32.3%). Conclusions: Vegetarians presented a better anthropometric profile and lower levels of total cholesterol. However, there were no differences regarding knowledge levels. The highest proportion of vegetarian’s report choosing the vegetarian lifestyle for health reasons.

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Pimentel CV de MB, Philippi ST, Simomura VL, Teodorov E. Nutritional Status, Lifestyle and Lipid Profile in Vegetarians. Int J Cardiovasc...
  • Kahleova H, Levin S, Barnard ND. Vegetarian Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Disease. Vol. 61, Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases. W.B....
  • Chen Z, Zuurmond MG, van der Schaft N, Nano J, Wijnhoven HAH, Ikram MA, et al. Plant versus animal based diets and insulin resistance, prediabetes...
  • Cramer H, Kessler CS, Sundberg T, Leach MJ, Schumann D, Adams J, et al. Characteristics of Americans Choosing Vegetarian and Vegan Diets for...
  • Melina V, Craig W, Levin S. Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: Vegetarian Diets. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2016 Dec;116(12):1970–80.
  • Elorinne A-L, Alfthan G, Erlund I, Kivimäki H, Paju A, Salminen I, et al. Food and Nutrient Intake and Nutritional Status of Finnish Vegans...
  • Freeland-Graves JH, Greninger SA, Vickers J, Bradley CL, Young RK. Nutrition knowledge of vegetarians and nonvegetarians. J Nutr Educ. 1982;14(1):21–6.
  • Hoffman SR. Nutrition Knowledge of Vegetarians. Vegetarian and Plant-Based Diets in Health and Disease Prevention. Elsevier; 2017. 37-50 p.
  • Demay TD, Nnakwe N, Yu U-J, Schumacher J. Examination of Nutrition Knowledge, Attitude, and Dietary Behaviors of College Student Vegetarians,...
  • Leonard AJ, Chalmers KA, Collins CE, Patterson AJ. The effect of nutrition knowledge and dietary iron intake on iron status in young women....
  • Lindamood DM, Gunning BE. College nonvegetarians vs. Vegetarians-food habits and knowledge. J Nutr Educ. 1977;9(1):25.
  • Kim EHJ, Schroeder KM, Houser J, Dwyer JT. Two small surveys, 25 years apart, investigating motivations of dietary choice in 2 groups of vegetarians...
  • Otzen T, Manterola C. Técnicas de Muestreo sobre una Población a Estudio. Int J Morphol. 2017;35(1):227–32.
  • Agnoli C, Baroni L, Bertini I, Ciappellano S, Fabbri A, Papa M, et al. Position paper on vegetarian diets from the working group of the Italian...
  • Pribis P, Pencak R, Grajales T. Beliefs and attitudes toward vegetarian lifestyle across generations. Nutrients. 2010;2(5):523–31.
  • World Health Organization (WHO). Obesity: Preventing and Managing the Global Epidemic. Report of a WHO Consultation on Obesity, Technical...
  • Ministerio de Salud. Gobierno del Perú. Guía técnica para la valoración nutricional antropométrica de la persona adulta. Lima; 2012 p. 35.
  • Allès B, Baudry J, Méjean C, Touvier M, Péneau S, Hercberg S, et al. Comparison of Sociodemographic and Nutritional Characteristics between...
  • Mensink, G.B.M., Lage Barbosa, C. and Brettschneider AK. Prevalence of Persons Following A Vegetarian Diet in Germany. J Heal Monit. 2016;1(2):2–14.
  • Schafer E, Schafer R, Keith P, Böse J. Self-esteem and fruit and vegetable intake in women and men. J Nutr Educ. 1999;31(3):153–60.
  • Rozin P, Markwith M, Stoess C. Moralization and Becoming a Vegetarian: The Transformation of Preferences into Values and the Recruitment of...
  • Mullee A, Vermeire L, Vanaelst B, Mullie P, Deriemaeker P, Leenaert T, et al. Vegetarianism and meat consumption: A comparison of attitudes...
  • Conner TS, Brookie KL, Richardson AC, Polak MA. On carrots and curiosity: Eating fruit and vegetables is associated with greater flourishing...
  • Matsumoto S, Beeson WL, Shavlik DJ, Siapco G, Jaceldo-Siegl K, Fraser G, et al. Association between vegetarian diets and cardiovascular risk...
  • Tong TYN, Appleby PN, Bradbury KE, Perez-Cornago A, Travis RC, Clarke R, et al. Risks of ischaemic heart disease and stroke in meat eaters,...
  • Chiu THT, Chang HR, Wang LY, Chang CC, Lin MN, Lin CL. Vegetarian diet and incidence of total, ischemic, and hemorrhagic stroke in 2 cohorts...
  • Key TJ, Appleby PN, Spencer EA, Travis RC, Roddam AW, Allen NE. Cancer incidence in vegetarians: results from the European Prospective Investigation...
  • Soret S, Mejia A, Batech M, Jaceldo-Siegl K, Harwatt H, Sabaté J. Climate change mitigation and health effects of varied dietary patterns...
  • Lacour C, Seconda L, Allès B, Hercberg S, Langevin B, Pointereau P, et al. Environmental Impacts of Plant-Based Diets: How Does Organic Food...
  • Rosi A, Mena P, Pellegrini N, Turroni S, Neviani E, Ferrocino I, et al. Environmental impact of omnivorous, ovo-lacto-vegetarian, and vegan...
  • Scarborough P, Appleby PN, Mizdrak A, Briggs ADM, Travis RC, Bradbury KE, et al. Dietary greenhouse gas emissions of meat-eaters, fish-eaters,...
  • Beardsworth A, Keil T. The Vegetarian Option: Varieties, Conversions, Motives and Careers. Sociol Rev. 1992 May 28;40(2):253–93.
  • Beardsworth A, Keil T. Health-related beliefs and dietary practices among vegetarians and vegans: a qualitative study. Health Educ J. 1991...
  • Fox N, Ward K. Health, ethics and environment: A qualitative study of vegetarian motivations. Appetite. 2008 Mar;50(2–3):422–9.
  • Davey GK, Spencer EA, Appleby PN, Allen NE, Knox KH, Key TJ. EPIC–Oxford:lifestyle characteristics and nutrient intakes in a cohort of 33...
  • Martin RM, Holly JMP, Gunnell D. Milk and linear growth: programming of the igf-I axis and implication for health in adulthood. Nestle Nutr...
  • Bautista Rodríguez ML, Guadarrama Guadarrama R, Veytia-López M. Prevalencia de obesidad según los indicadores : porcentaje de grasa corporal...
  • Li D. Chemistry behind vegetarianism. J Agric Food Chem. 2011 Feb 9;59(3):777–84.
  • Schwingshackl L, Hoffmann G. Comparison of Effects of Long-Term Low-Fat vs High-Fat Diets on Blood Lipid Levels in Overweight or Obese Patients:...
  • Uddin MS, Sarker MZI, Ferdosh S, Akanda MJH, Easmin MS, Bt Shamsudin SH, et al. Phytosterols and their extraction from various plant matrices...
  • Shickle D, Lewis PA, Charny M, Farrow S. Differences in health, knowledge and attitudes between vegetarians and meat eaters in a random population...