Influencia de la fidelidad de la implementación en la eficacia de un programa de promoción de la salud sexual con adolescentes

• Silvia Escribano Cubas ^[1] ; Alexandra Morales ^[1] ; Mireia Orgilés ^[1] ; José P. Espada ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche

     Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche

     Elche, España

     
• Localización: Health and addictions: salud y drogas, ISSN-e 1578-5319, Vol. 15, Nº. 2, 2015, págs. 103-114
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.21134/haaj.v15i2.242
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Influence of fidelity of implementation in the efficacy of a program to promote sexual health with adolescents
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Dialnet Métricas: 3 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    La fidelidad de la implementación de un programa hace referencia al grado en que es aplicado de la misma manera en que fue diseñado y validado; concepto estrechamente relacionado con la eficacia. En España existen escasos estudios que midan la fidelidad de la implementación en programas de promoción de hábitos sexuales saludables. Los objetivos son: 1) Examinar el nivel de fidelidad (dosis y adherencia) de la adaptación española de programa ¡Cuídate! en población adolescente española; 2) Evaluar los resultados del programa en función del grado de fidelidad. Participaron 626 adolescentes con edades comprendidas entre 14 y 16 años (47.1 % chicos). El 48.72% recibió el programa ¡Cuídate! y el 51.28% fueron grupo control. Se evaluó el nivel de conocimiento y la actitud hacia el VIH, la intención del uso de preservativo y el comportamiento sexual. Los resultados indican una elevada fidelidad de implementación del programa. El grupo que recibe el programa con mayor fidelidad presenta mejores resultados en el nivel de conocimiento, la actitud hacia el VIH y un aumento del uso del preservativo en las relaciones sexuales con penetración. Se aportan datos empíricos sobre los efectos positivos de aplicar los programas preventivos con la máxima fidelidad de implementación.

  • English

    The fidelity of implementation of a program refers to the degree to which it is applied in the same way it was designed and validated; and it is a concept closely related to the efficacy. In Spain, there are few studies that measure the fidelity of implementation of programs to promote healthy sexual habits. The objectives of this study are: 1) To examine the level of fidelity (dose and adherence) of the Spanish version of ¡Cuídate! program in Spanish adolescents; and 2) To evaluate the results of the program depending on the degree of fidelity of implementation. Participants were 626 adolescents aged between 14 and 16 years (47.1% boys). Of them, 48.72% received the Spanish version of ¡Cuídate! program and the 51.28% served as a control group. Knowledge and attitudes related to HIV, condom use intention, and sexual behaviors were evaluated. The results indicate an elevated fidelity of implementation of the program. The group receiving the program more faithfully presents better results in the level of knowledge, attitudes toward HIV, and increased condom use in penetrative sex. Empirical data on the positive effects of implementing prevention programs with the highest fidelity of implementation is provided.

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179-211.
  • Albarracín, D., Gillette, J. C., Earl, A. N., Glasman, L. R., Durantini, M. R. y Ho, M. H. (2005). A test of major assumptions about behavior...
  • Ariza, C., Villalbí, J. R., Sánchez-Martínez, F. y Nebot, M. (2011). La evaluación del proceso en relación con la evaluación de la
  • efectividad: experiencias de programas en el medio escolar. Gaceta Sanitaria, 25(1), 32-39. Recuperado en: http://dx.doi.org/10.4321/S1135-57272013000400009.
  • Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Morristown, NJ: General Learning Press, 1977.
  • Bandura, A. (1986). Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
  • Berkel, C., Mauricio, A. M., Schoenfelder, E. y Sandler, I. N. (2011). Putting the Pieces Together: An Integrated Model of Program Implementation....
  • Boyce, W., Torsheim, T., Currie, C. y Zambon, A. (2006). The family affluence scale as a measure of national wealth: validation of an adolescent...
  • Breitenstein S., Fogg, L., Garvey, C., Hill, C., Resnick, B. y Gross, D. (2010). Measuring implementation fidelity in a community-based parenting...
  • Carroll, C., Patterson, M., Wood, S., Booth, A., Rick, J. y Booth, A. (2007). A conceptual framework for implementation fidelity. Implementation...
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2014). Compendium of Evidence-Based HIV behavioral interventions. Risk Reduction Chapter: CUÍDATE!...
  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Dane, A. y Schneider, B. (1998). Program integrity in primary and early secondary prevention: Are implementation effects out of control. Clinical...
  • Dobson, L. D. y Cook, T. J. (1980). Avoiding Type III error in program evaluation: results from a field experiment. Evaluation and Program...
  • Durantini, M. R., Albarracín, D., Mitchell, A. L., Earl, A. N. y Gillette, J. C. (2006). Conceptualizing the influence of social agents of...
  • Durlak, J. y Dupre, E. (2008). Implementation Matters: A Review of Research on the Influence of Implementation on Program Outcomes and the...
  • Dusenbury, L., Brannigan, R., Falco, M. y Hansen, W. B. (2003). A review of research on fidelity of implementation: implications for drug...
  • Eames, C., Daley, D., Hutchings, J., Hughes, J. C., Jones, K., Martin, P. y Bywater, T. (2008). The Leader Observation Tool: A process skills...
  • Elliott, D. S. y Mihalic, S. (2004). Issues in disseminating and replicating effective prevention programs. Prevention Science, 5(1), 47-54.
  • Ennett, S. T., Haws, S., Ringwalt, C. L., Vincus, A. A., Hanley, S., Bowling, J. M. y Rohrbach, L.A. (2011). Evidence-based practice in school...
  • Espada, J. P., Orgilés, M., Morales, A., Ballester, R. y Huedo-Medina, T. B. (2012). Effectiveness of a school HIV/AIDS prevention program...
  • Espada, J. P., Ballester, R., Huedo-Medina, T. B., Secades-Villa, R., Orgilés, M. y Martínez-Lorca, M. (2013). Development of a new instrument...
  • Espada, J. P., Morales, A., Orgilés, M., Jemmott, J. B. y Jemmott, L. S. (2015). Short-term evaluation of a skill-development sexual education...
  • Fishbein, M. y Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Reading, Mass: Wesley-Addison...
  • Fixsen, D. L., Naoom, S. F., Blase, K. A., Friedman, R. M. y Wallace, F. (2005). Implementation research: A synthesis of the literature. Tampa,...
  • Forgatch, M.S., Patterson, G.R. y DeGarmo, D.S. (2005). Evaluating fidelity: Predictive validity for a measure of competent adherence to the...
  • Gallegos, E. C., Villarruel, A. M., Loveland-Cherry, C., Ronis, D. L. y Zhou, Y. (2008). Intervención para reducir riesgo en conductas sexuales...
  • Villarruel, A. M., Zhou, Y., Gallegos, E. C. y Ronis, D. L. (2010). Examining long-term effects of Cuídate a sexual risk reduction program...
  • Gázquez, M., García del Castillo, J. A. y Ruiz, I. (2011). Importancia de la fidelidad en la implementación de programas escolares para prevenir...
  • Hasson, H. (2010). Systematic evaluation of implementation fidelity of complex interventions in health and social care. Implementation
  • http://dx.doi.org/10.4321/S1135-57272013000400009
  • http://dx.doi.org/10.1097%2FNNR.0b013e3181dbb2e2
  • http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/prevention/research/compendium/rr/cuidate.html
  • http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/prevention/research/compendium/rr/cuidate.html
  • http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=16725574010
  • Science 5(67). Recuperado en: http://www.implementationscience.com/content/5/1/67.
  • James, S., Reddy, P., Ruiter, R. A. C., McCauley, A y van den Borne, B. (2006). The impact of an HIV and AIDS life skills program on secondary...
  • Jemmott, L. S., Jemmott, J. B. III y McCaffree, K. (1995). Be Proud! Be Responsible! Strategies to empower youth to reduce their risk for...
  • Kirby, D., Obasi, A. y Laris, B. A. (2006). The effectiveness of sex education and HIV education interventions in schools in developing countries....
  • Liang, K. Y. y Zeger, S. L. (1986). Longitudinal data analysis using generalized linear models. Biometrika, 73(1), 13-22. doi: 10.1093/biomet/73.1.13.
  • Mihalic, S. (2004). The importance of implementation fidelity. Emotional and Behavioral Disorders in Youth, 4(4), 83–105.
  • Mihalic, S., Fagan, A. y Argamaso, S. (2008). Implementing the LifeSkills Training drug prevention program: factors related to implementation...
  • Mueller, T. E, Castaneda, C. A, Sainer, S., Martínez, D., Herbst, J. H., Wilkes, A. L. y Villarruel, A. M. (2009) The implementation of a...
  • Oosthuizen, C. y Louw, J. (2013). Developing program theory for purveyor programs. Implementation Science, 8(23). Recuperado en: http://www.implementationscience.com/content/8/1/23.
  • Perepletchikova, F., Treat, T. A. y Kazdin, A. E. (2007), Treatment integrity in psychotherapy research: analysis of the tudies and examination...
  • Rijsdijk, L. E., Bos, A., Ruiter, R., Leerlooijer, J., de Haas, B. y Schaalma, H. (2011). The world stats with me: a multilevel evaluation...
  • Rohrbach, L. A., Gunning, M., Sun, P. y Sussman, S. (2010). The project towards No Drug Abuse (TND) dissemination trial: Implementation fidelity...
  • UNESCO (2010). International Technical Guidance on Sexuality Education. An evidence-informed approach for schools, teachers and health educators....
  • Villarruel, A. M., Jemmott, L. S. y Jemmott, J. B. III (2005). Designing a culturally based intervention to reduce HIV sexual risk for latino...
  • Villarruel, A. M., Jemmott, J. B. III y Jemmott, L. S., (2006). A Randomized controlled trial testing an HIV prevention intervenion for latino...
  • Wang, B., Deveaux, L., Knowles, V., Koci, V., Rolle, G., Lunn, S., …, Stanton, B. (2014). Fidelity of Implementation of an Evidence-Based...
  • Program among Bahamian Sixth Grade Students. Prevention Science, 16(1), 110-121. doi: 10.1007/s11121-014-0486-y.
  • Wingood, G. M. y DiClemente, R. J. (2008). The ADAPT-ITT model: a novel method of adapting evidence-based HIV Interventions. Journal of Acquired...