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Background: Adolescents require comprehensive and bal-anced nutrition to support their growth, development, andphysical activities.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of asnack intervention utilizing mackerel scad (Decapterus sp.)and tuna liver on body composition, hemoglobin (Hb) levels,and VO2max in male adolescents.
Methods: Employing a one-group pretest-posttest de-sign, the study included 32 male adolescents aged 13–15from two soccer schools, who were randomly selected froma pool of 134 screened subjects. The intervention snack,provided three times weekly over a 10-week period, had anutritional composition per 90 grams of: 194.99 kcal of en-ergy, 15.09 grams of protein, 14.81 grams of carbohy-drates, 6.21 grams of total fat, 3.09 grams of iron, and es-sential amino acids. Food intake was assessed using a24-hour food recall, body composition with BioelectricalImpedance Analysis (BIA), Hb levels via the cyanmethe-moglobin method, and VO2max with the Cooper Test. Alldata were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25.
Results: Muscle mass increased significantly from 14.32%to 16.86% (p=0,001 <0,05), representing a 17.79% gain.Hemoglobin levels also rose from 11.37 g/dL to 11.93 g/dL(p=0.03 < 0,05), a 4.92% increase. Furthermore, VO2maxsaw a notable improvement, increasing from 36.93 mL/kg/minto 41.84 mL/kg/min (p=0.001< 0,05), or a 13.29% gain.Conversely, a significant increase in fat mass was also ob-served, rising from 14.86% to 15.75% (p=0.04 <0,05), whichcorresponds to a 5.99% increase.
Conclusion: The local fish-based snack intervention sig-nificantly impacted body composition, hemoglobin levels, andVO2max of adolescent football players.
