Hospital malnutrition in gastro-entero-hepatology (GEH) patients and its relationship to clinical outcomes: a retrospective cohort study.

• Maya Rosmaria PUSPITA ^[1] ; Aminuddin AMINUDDIN ^[1] ; Nurpudji A. TASLIM ^[1]
  1. [1] Hasanuddin University

     Hasanuddin University

     Indonesia

     
• Localización: Nutrición clínica y dietética hospitalaria, ISSN 0211-6057, Vol. 45, Nº. 1, 2025, págs. 143-148
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.12873/451maya
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen

  • Background: Hospital malnutrition remains a significant global health burden, particularly among gastro-entero-hepatology patients. It adversely impacts clinical outcomes, prolongs hospital stays, and raises healthcare costs. Despite its relevance, recent data on malnutrition among Indonesia’s gastro-entero-hepatology (GEH) patients are limited.

    Objective: To determine the prevalence of malnutrition and its associated risk factors and clinical outcomes, inflammatory markers, and Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) in GEH patients at Wahidin Sudirohusodo General Hospital.

    Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among 569 GEH inpatients aged 18–59 years with hospital stays exceeding 7 days. Nutritional risk was assessed using the Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST), while Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Total Lymphocyte Count (TLC), and Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) were measured as inflammatory markers. Statistical analyses evaluated correlations between malnutrition risk, clinical outcomes, and laboratory values.

    Results: Of the 569 patients, 7.4% were at high risk of malnutrition, 38.7% at moderate risk, and 54% at low risk. High-risk patients showed significantly elevated NLR (p = 0.000) and lower TLC (p = 0.000), reflecting an impaired immune response. These patients also had a lower PNI (p = 0.000) and more extended hospital stays (p = 0.000). No significant difference in mortality was found between different malnutrition risk groups.

    Conclusion: Malnutrition is prevalent among GEH patients, particularly those with malignancies. Early nutritional screening and appropriate interventions are essential to improving clinical outcomes and reducing hospital stay durations. A multidisciplinary approach is necessary to optimize patient care.

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