Acceso usuarios
Claudia Alexandra Cayo Alvarez, Vanessa Geraldine Vilca Sierra, Víctor A. Mamani Urrutia, Ruben Espinoza Rojas, Marysol Olivares Etchebaster, Fernando Tume, Socrates Gustavo Becerra Castillo
Objetivo: Determinar los factores sociodemográficos asociados al consumo de verduras, frutas y alimentos ultraprocesados en familias peruanas durante la época de pandemia porCOVID-19.
Métodos: Estudio analítico de corte transversal basado enel análisis de datos secundarios. La muestra incluyó a 2141 participantes de las provincias de Lima, Arequipa y Sullana.Se analizó la asociación de 11 factores sociodemográficos de las familias peruanas con el consumo de tres grupos de alimentos: verduras, frutas y alimentos ultraprocesados (AUP).Para el análisis descriptivo se utilizaron la media y la desviación estándar y se empleó la prueba Chi-Cuadrado para evaluar las asociaciones entre las características sociodemográficas y el consumo de verduras, frutas y AUP.
Resultados: El no consumo de verduras y frutas se relacionó con un bajo nivel educativo (41,2%; p=0,000), mientras que el mayor consumo de AUP se presentó en aquellos que tuvieron un nivel superior universitario (62,2%; p=0,014). Las personas con un ingreso mensual menor de S/930 presentaron un bajo consumo de verduras y frutas (13,3%; p=0,000); aquellos con un ingreso mayor de S/11,160 tuvieron una alta ingesta de AUP en total (75%; p=0,000). Los residentes de Sullana presentaron el mayor porcentaje de no consumo de verduras y frutas (22,4%;p=0,000), y Lima registró el mayor consumo de AUP en total (68,3%; p=0,000). Además, las personas con exceso de peso tuvieron un alto consumo de AUP en total (65,6%; p=0,003).
Objective: To determine the sociodemographic factors associated with the consumption of vegetables, fruits, and ultra-processed foods in Peruvian families during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study based on secondary data analysis. The sample included 2,141 participants from the provinces of Lima, Arequipa, and Sullana. The association of 11 sociodemographic factors of Peruvian families with the consumption of three food groups: vegetables, fruits,and ultra-processed foods (UPFs) was analyzed. For the descriptive analysis, the mean and standard deviation were used, and the Chi-Square test was employed to evaluate the associations between sociodemographic characteristics an dthe consumption of vegetables, fruits, and UPFs.
Results: The non-consumption of vegetables and fruits was related to a low educational level (41.2%; p=0,000),while the higher consumption of UPFs was found in those witha university-level education (62.2%; p=0,014). People with amonthly income less than S/930 showed low consumption of vegetables and fruits (13.3%; p=0,000); those with an income more than S/11,160 had a high total intake of UPFs (75%; p=0,000).Residents of Sullana had the highest percentage of non-consumption of vegetables and fruits (22.4%; p=0,000), and Lima recorded the highest total consumption of UPFs (68.3%;p=0,000). Additionally, over weight individuals had a high total consumption of UPFs (65.6%; p=0,003).
Conclusions: The consumption of vegetables, fruits, andultra-processed foods was influenced by sociodemographicfactors, especially educational level, monthly income, geographic region, and the presence of comorbidities.
