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Diabetes mellitus is a group of common metabolic disorders characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Among the various forms of diabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most prevalent, and is often associated with a range of metabolic abnormalities, including dyslipidemia. Patients with T2DM frequently exhibit dyslipidemia, characterized by elevated triglycerides, increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, contributing to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.
In recent years, Non-HDL cholesterol has emerged as an important lipid marker, offering a more comprehensive risk assessment for cardiovascular diseases than LDL-C alone. Non-HDL cholesterol includes all atherogenic lipoproteins, such as VLDL, IDL, and LDL, and serves as a more accurate predictor of cardiovascular risk, especially in patients with elevated triglycerides (≥200 mg/dl). Non-HDL cholesterol is also considered a more reliable marker for assessing the burden of Apo-B carrying lipoproteins, which are directly implicated in atherosclerosis.
This study aims to evaluate the correlation between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, a marker of long-term glycemic control, and Non-HDL cholesterol, along with other lipid profile parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to non-diabetic individuals. By exploring these relationships, this study seeks to better understand the association between glycemic control and lipid abnormalities in type 2 diabetes and to highlight the potential of Non-HDL cholesterol as an important marker for diabetic dyslipidemia and cardiovascular risk.
