El impacto de la tecnología y de la inteligencia artificial en la enfermería: retos y oportunidades

• Autores: María Carmen Albiac Cubeles
• Localización: Revista Sanitaria de Investigación, ISSN-e 2660-7085, Vol. 5, Nº. 3, 2024
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.34896/RSI.2024.99.61.001
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    INTRODUCCIÓN: La enfermería, como columna vertebral de los sistemas de salud, ha comenzado a integrar las nuevas tecnologías entre ellas el uso de la inteligencia artificial en sus diversas actividades, desde la atención directa hasta la gestión de datos de salud y el apoyo a la toma de decisiones. Este artículo examina, desde múltiples dimensiones, cómo la tecnología y la inteligencia artificial están configurando y redefiniendo el trabajo del profesional de enfermería, y cómo este puede prepararse para liderar y prosperar en este nuevo horizonte de la atención sanitaria lo que contribuye a que la tecnología y la IA sean herramientas habilitadoras facilitando que la enfermería continúe desempeñando un papel esencial en la promoción, recuperación y mantenimiento de la salud en el siglo XXI1,5.

    OBJETIVOS: Discernir y sintetizar el impacto que el progreso tecnológico y la inteligencia artificial tienen en la práctica profesional de la enfermería.

    METODOLOGÍA: Se realizó una búsqueda en bases de datos científicas reconocidas, incluyendo PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL y Scopus, para identificar artículos a texto completo publicados hasta la fecha de corte delimitada.

    RESULTADOS: Los hallazgos de esta revisión sistemática confirman que, si bien la tecnología y la IA están transformando la enfermería, llevándola hacia nuevas fronteras de efectividad y eficiencia, es crucial abordar los desafíos prácticos y éticos que surgen con estos avances.

    CONCLUSIÓN: Es imperativo que los enfermeros participen en el uso de la tecnología en la salud e influyan en su desarrollo para el beneficio de los pacientes y de la profesión enfermera, que está bien posicionada para liderar en la era digital, asegurando que la tecnología mejore la atención sanitaria.

  • English

    INTRODUCTION: Nursing, as the backbone of health systems, has begun to integrate new technologies, including the use of artificial intelligence in its various activities, from direct care to health data management and decision support. This article examines, from multiple dimensions, how technology and artificial intelligence are shaping and redefining the work of the nursing professional, and how nurses can be prepared to lead and thrive in this new horizon of healthcare, contributing to technology and AI being enabling tools, making it easier for nursing to continue to play an essential role in advocacy, recovery and maintenance of health in the twenty-first century1,5.

    OBJECTIVES: To discern and synthesize the impact that technological progress and artificial intelligence have on the professional practice of nursing.

    METHODOLOGY: A search of recognized scientific databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL and Scopus, was conducted to identify full-text articles published up to the delimited cut-off date.

    RESULTS: The findings of this systematic review confirm that while technology and AI are transforming nursing, taking it to new frontiers of effectiveness and efficiency, it is crucial to address the practical and ethical challenges that arise with these advancements.

    CONCLUSION: It is imperative that nurses participate in the use of technology in healthcare and influence its development for the benefit of patients and the nursing profession, which is well positioned to lead in the digital age, ensuring that technology improves healthcare.

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