Prevalencia de lesiones de la mucosa oral en pacientes que acuden a una clínica universitaria: estudio transversal retrospectivo a 5 años

• Carolina Verónica Signorini ^[1] ; Natalia Navarrete-Marabini ^[1] ; Elisabeth Casañas-Gil ^[1] ; Marta Muñoz-Corcuera ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad Europea de Madrid

     Universidad Europea de Madrid

     Madrid, España

     
• Localización: Piel: Formación continua en dermatología, ISSN 0213-9251, Vol. 39, Nº. 4 (Abril), 2024, págs. 193-200
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.1016/j.piel.2023.10.014
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in patients attending a university clinic: A 5-year retrospective cross-sectional study
• Enlaces
  • Texto Completo Ejemplar
• Resumen
  • español

    Introducción el objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de las lesiones de la mucosa oral en los pacientes que acudieron a la Clínica Universitaria de la Universidad Europea de Madrid entre enero de 2014 y diciembre de 2018, así como establecer si existe una relación entre el sexo, la edad, los hábitos, la presencia de enfermedades sistémicas y el consumo de medicación con la presencia de lesiones orales.

    Métodos se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo a 5 años, empleando registros clínicos de pacientes mayores de 18 años, atendidos en el periodo de enero de 2014 a diciembre de 2018 por los estudiantes del grado en odontología de la Universidad Europea.

    Resultados se revisaron las historias clínicas de 1.954 pacientes. La prevalencia de lesiones de la mucosa oral fue del 30,45% (IC 95%; 28,41-32,49), siendo mayor en los hombres que en las mujeres. No se hallaron diferencias entre los grupos de edad. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en cuanto a la prevalencia de lesiones orales entre los pacientes con o sin enfermedad sistémica, ni entre los pacientes consumidores y no consumidores de medicación. Sí las hubo entre fumadores/no fumadores y consumidores de alcohol/no consumidores.

    Conclusiones este estudio mostró una prevalencia de lesiones orales similar a otros publicados previamente, confirmando la mayor prevalencia en los hombres respecto a las mujeres y la influencia de los hábitos como el consumo de tabaco y alcohol en la presencia de lesiones orales.

  • English

    Introduction The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in patients attending the dental clinic at European University of Madrid (Spain) between January 2014 and December 2018, as well as, to establish whether there is a relationship between sex, age, habits, presence of systemic diseases and medication consumption with the presence of oral lesions.

    Methods A 5-year observational, descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study was carried out, using clinical records of patients over 18 years of age, seen in a period from January 2014 to December 2018 by fourth and fifth year undergraduate dental students at European University of Madrid.

    Results A total of 1,954 of patients medical records were reviewed. The prevalence of oral mucosal lesions was 30.45% (95% CI; 28.41-32.49), being higher among males than females. No statistically significant differences were found between age groups. No statistically significant differences were found in the prevalence of oral lesions between patients with or without systemic disease or between patients take or do not take medication. There were differences between smokers and non-smokers, and alcohol consumption and non-consumption.

    Conclusion This study showed a prevalence of oral lesions like others previously published, confirming a higher prevalence in males compared to females, and the influence of habits such as tobacco and alcohol consumption on the presence of lesions.

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