Acceso usuarios
Liliana Pastén I, Pamela Lobos D, Angélica Maritza Mosqueda Díaz
Objetivos: Determinar la magnitud del comportamiento agresivo e identificar la distribución del nivel de agresividad según factores individuales, familiares e institucionales, en varones de 10-12 años de colegios municipalizados, particular-subvencionados y particular-pagados de Valparaíso. Material y Métodos: Estudio transversal, descriptivo-correlacional. Muestra correspondiente al 8,4% del universo de matriculados en la comuna de Valparaíso, año 2006. Se aplicó una encuesta con preguntas cerradas, que midieron el comportamiento agresivo y los factores del estudio. Se establecieron cuatro niveles de agresividad: alto, mediano, bajo y sin agresividad. Resultados: 21,4% de los varones responde con un nivel alto o mediano de agresividad, frente a diversas situaciones. Respecto a los factores analizados, aquellos estadísticamente significativos a nivel individual fueron consumo de alcohol y drogas, que se presenta entre varones con más altos niveles de agresividad; a nivel familiar, el mayor porcentaje de alumnos que presentan alta agresividad han recibido castigo físico (79,2%) y el patrón de crianza ejercido en sus familias es inconsistente (33,3%); a nivel institucional, alumnos que tienen niveles altos de agresividad asisten en su mayoría a escuelas municipales (83,3%) y pequeñas (54,2%). Conclusión: conocer la magnitud del comportamiento agresivo y los factores asociados es fundamental para direccionar acciones de promoción y prevención de este comportamiento, especialmente por la/el enfermera/o, dado el contacto temprano y sistemático que sostiene con las familias en el Control de Salud Infantil, al observar el estilo de apego, indagar prácticas de crianza y fomentar patrones de crianza que permitan el logro de las tareas del desarrollo.
Objective: To determine the extent of aggressive behavior and identify the distribution of level of aggressiveness as individual, family and institutional, in boys 10-12 years old from municipal schools, subsidized private and paid particular ones in Valparaiso District. Material and Method: Cross-sectional, descriptive correlational study. Sample corresponding to 8.4% of the universe of students enrolled in the district of Valparaíso, 2006. An inquiry with closed questions was used, divided into four parts measuring aggressive behavior and the factors studied. Four levels of aggressiveness were determined: high, medium, low and without aggressiveness. Results show that 21.4% of those children react to different situations with a high or medium level of aggressiveness. The factors statistically significant at an individual level were the use of alcohol and drugs, situation which is common among boys with a high level of aggressiveness. At a family level, the highest percentage of boys presenting high aggressiveness has received physical punishment (79.2%) and their upbringing pattern has been inconsistent (33.3%). At an institutional level, the children with a high level of aggressiveness go mainly to municipal schools (83.3%) and small schools (54.2%). It is concluded that knowing the level of aggressive behavior and the associated factors is essential for directing the prevention of this behavior, especially by means of the nurses action who are the professionals keeping an early and systematic contact with the family at the Child health Control, where they are able to observe the attachment style, to find out about upbringing practices and to stimulate upbringing patterns focused on the childs development.
