Pérdida Auditiva Oculta, Sinaptopatía Coclear y Ruido Ocupacional

• Yolanda R. Peñaloza-López ^[1] ; Maria de los Angeles Loera-González ; Felipe García-Pedroza ^[2] ; Adrián Poblano ^[1]
  1. [1] Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación

     Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación

     México

     
  2. [2] Universidad Nacional de México
• Localización: Medicina y seguridad del trabajo, ISSN-e 1989-7790, ISSN 0465-546X, Vol. 69, Nº. 271, 2023, págs. 100-107
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.4321/s0465-546x2023000200004
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Hidden Hearing Loss, Cochlear Synaptopathy and Occupational Noise
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    Introducción: La sinaptopatía coclear por exposición a ruido (SCER) es definida como una alteración funcional transitoria o permanente de las sinapsis en cinta de las células pilosas internas de la cóclea. Este artículo tiene el objetivo de comentar la utilidad de la identificación temprana de la pérdida auditiva oculta por SCER basado en marcadores audiológicos y en la metodología usada en grupos clínicos para su búsqueda.

    Método: Revisión de la literatura relacionada en bases científicas y la narración descriptiva de los resultados.

    Resultados: La SCER produce una pérdida auditiva oculta en pacientes con audiograma normal, principalmente obreros o individuos expuestos a niveles de ruido intenso. Los principales estudios de identificación de la SCER han sido realizados principalmente en estudiantes universitarios o en músicos.

    Conclusiones: Son necesarios ajustes en la política de salud auditiva para una amplia identificación temprana de la SCER en las poblaciones en riesgo para la pérdida auditiva oculta y luchar por una regulación del daño.

  • English

    Introduction: Cochlear synaptopathy after noise exposure (CSNE) is defined as the transient or permanent functional damage to the ribbon synapsis of the inner hair cells of the cochlea. This article has the objective of comment the usefulness of early identification of the hidden hearing loss after CSNE based on audiological markers and in changes in the clinical methodology in clinical groups for its searching.

    Method: Review of related literature in scientific databases and narrative description of results.

    Results: CSNE results in a hidden hearing loss in patients with normal pitch audiogram, mainly workers or individuals exposed to high noise levels. The main studies of identification have been performed mainly in groups of students from college or musicians.

    Conclusions: Is necessary adjustments in hearing health policy for an wide early identification of CSNE in at risk populations for the identification of the hidden hearing loss and fight for its damage regulation.

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