Estudio de seguimiento de 35 años de pacientes admitidos a tratamiento con metadona entre 1982-1984 en Asturias, España

• Luis Jiménez-Treviño ^[1] ; Clara Martínez-Cao ^[1] ; Fernando Sánchez-Lasheras ^[3] ; Celso Iglesias ^[1] ; María Jesús Antuña ^[4] ; Leonor Riera ^[2] ; Pilar Alejandra Sáiz-Martínez ^[1] ; Julio Bobes ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad de Oviedo

     Universidad de Oviedo

     Oviedo, España

     
  2. [2] Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias

     Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias

     Oviedo, España

     
  3. [3] Research Department, Tecniproject S.L., Oviedo, España
  4. [4] Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA), Oviedo, España

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• Localización: Adicciones: Revista de socidrogalcohol, ISSN 0214-4840, Vol. 35, Nº. 3, 2023, págs. 303-314
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • A 35-year follow-up study of patients admitted to methadone treatment between 1982-1984 in Asturias, Spain
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo  1    2  
• Resumen
  • español

    El objetivo fue evaluar el estado de una población dependiente a la heroína 35 años después de su primera inscripción en un tratamiento de mantenimiento con metadona (TMM). Se utilizó un protocolo ad hoc para evaluar morbilidad, consumo y tratamiento de la adicción en la muestra de supervivientes. Se calculó la razón de mortalidad estandarizada (RME) con un intervalo de confianza (IC) del 95%. Un total de 214 pacientes ingresaron en TMM entre 1982 y 1984 en el Servicio de Salud Pública de Asturias. Se recibió información sobre 195 sujetos, de los cuales 146 habían fallecido. Los hombres representaron el 77,5% de la cohorte del estudio. Durante el período de seguimiento de 35 años, la RME fue de 11,75 (IC 95% = 9,95 – 13,77). En la muestra de supervivientes, el 5,7% todavía estaba inscrito en TMM; el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) se diagnosticó en un 38,77% y la hepatitis B/C en un 73,46%; el consumo actual de heroína se informó en un 4,1%. No hubo diferencias de género en la mortalidad o la condición de VIH y hepatitis B/C. Ninguna de las mujeres consumía heroína en el seguimiento de 35 años en comparación con el 5,26% de los hombres. En conclusión, nuestro estudio confirma la alta tasa de mortalidad a largo plazo, incluso después de la inscripción en TMM.

  • English

    The objective was to evaluate outcomes in a heroin-dependent population 35 years after first enrolment in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT).

    An ad hoc protocol was used to assess drug misuse, treatment, and drug- related morbidity in the survivor sample. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. A total of 214 heroin-dependent patients entered MMT between 1982 and 1984 in the Asturias Public Health Service. Information was received on 195 subjects, of whom 146 were deceased. Men accounted for 77.5% of the study cohort.

    Over the 35-year follow-up period, the SMR was 11.75 (95% CI = 9.95 - 13.77). In the survivor sample, 5.7% were still enrolled in MMT; human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was diagnosed in 38.77% and hepatitis B/C in 73.46%. No sex differences were found for mortality or HIV and hepatitis B/C status. None of the female survivors were using heroin at the 35-year follow-up, compared with 5.26% of males. In conclusion, our study confirms the high long-term mortality rate of heroin addicts, even after enrollment in MMT

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