Síndrome pos-COVID tras ingreso en UCI: Parámetros relacionados con una mejor recuperación física a los 4 meses

• Naiara Vitoria Pérez ^[1] ; Ana B. Puentes Gutiérrez ^[1] ; Marcelino Sánchez Casado ^[2] ; M. Díaz Jiménez ^[1] ; M. García Bascones ^[1] ; Rebeca Puentes Gutiérrez ^[3]
  1. [1] Servicio de Rehabilitación. Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Toledo. Toledo. España.
  2. [2] Servicio de Medicina Intensiva. Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Toledo. Toledo. España.
  3. [3] Facultad de Enfermería. Valladolid. España.

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• Localización: Revista española de salud pública, ISSN 1135-5727, ISSN-e 2173-9110, Nº. 96, 2022
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Post-COVID syndrome after ICU admission: Parameters related to a better physical recovery after 4 months
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• Resumen
  • español

    Fundamentos: El síndrome pos-COVID puede impactar en todas las esferas de la vida diaria. El objetivo de este trabajo fue detectar qué factores se relacionan con una mejor/peor recuperación física a los 4 meses del alta hospitalaria tras ingreso en UCI por la COVID-19.

    Métodos: Estudio prospectivo de una cohorte de 125 pacientes valorados por Rehabilitación durante su ingreso en UCI, del 12 marzo al 31 diciembre del 2020. Las variables personales, hospitalarias, síntomas/signos funcionales y de recuperación física de los 76 pacientes que continuaron seguimiento al mes, 2 y 4 meses del alta hospitalaria fueron analizadas mediante media ± desviación estándar, contaje (porcentaje), test t-student y test de Fisher.

    Resultados: En el primer mes, aquejaban fatiga 60 (80%) pacientes y disnea 47 (62%). En el segundo mes referían fatiga 37 (55%), disnea 25 (33%), dolor de hombro 33 (43%), la media de QuickDASH fue 22,7 (11,3-50), de sit to stand test en 30 segundos 11,5 (10-13) y de test 6 minutos marcha 390 metros (326-445). En el cuarto mes, se habían reincorporado laboralmente 25 (53%) y la media de recuperación física fue 79,1%±18,3%. No hay relación entre una recuperación física ≥75% y variables del primer mes, pero sí con variables del segundo mes, como la fatiga (p=0,001), disnea (p=0,035), QuickDASH (p=0,001) y Test 6 minutos marcha (p=0,021).

    Conclusiones: Los síntomas (fatiga y disnea) y el QuickDASH y test 6 minutos marcha a los 2 meses predicen una mejor/peor recuperación física a los 4 meses tras el alta hospitalaria.

  • English

    Background: Post-COVID syndrome can impact against every sphere of daily live. The objective of this work was to detect the factors correlated with a better or worse physical recovery four months after hospital discharge from a hospitalization in ICU due to COVID-19.

    Methods: Prospective descriptive study of 125 patients valued by the Rehabilitation Service during hospitalization in ICU, from March 12th to December 31st, 2020. Data from 76 patients was analysed with clinical follow up after 1, 2 and 4 months of hospital discharge.

    Variables on personal, hospitalary, functional symptoms/ signals and physical recovery were analysed with mean ± standard deviation, counting (percentage), T-student test and Fisher test.

    Results: After one month, fatigue was observed in 60 (80%) patients and dyspnoea in 47 (62%). After two months, fatigue in 37 (55%), dyspnoea in 25 (33%), shoulder pain in 33 (43%), average QuickDASH was 22.7 (11.3-50), Sit-to-Stand Test in 30 seconds 11.5 (10- 13) and 6-minute walk test 390 meters (326-445). In the fourth month, 25 (53%) had returned to work and had an average of the physical recovery of 79.1%±18.3%. There was no correlation between physical recovery ≥75% and the first month data, but there certainly was a correlation between some second month variables, such as fatigue (p=0.001), dyspnoea (p=0.035), QuickDASH (p=0.001) and 6-minute walk test (p=0.021).

    Conclusions: Symptoms (fatigue and dyspnoea) and functional scales (QuickDASH and 6-minute walk test) after 2 months predict a better/worsen physical recovery after 4 months of hospital discharge.

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