Efectividad de la realidad virtual inmersiva en el manejo del dolor del paciente quemado: una revisión sistemática

• Ivars Crespo, María del Mar ^[1] ; Suso Martí, Luis
  1. [1] Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera

     Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera

     Valencia, España

     
• Localización: Journal of Move & Therapeutic Science, ISSN 2695-6330, Vol. 2, Nº. 2, 2020 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Diciembre), págs. 160-171
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.37382/jomts.v2i2.29
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen

  • Objetivo: El objetivo principal del presente estudio fue conocer los efectos de la realidad virtual sobre el dolor y la ansiedad durante la cura o rehabilitación en pacientes con quemaduras.

    Material y método: Se realizó una revisión sistemática con una búsqueda en las principales bases de datos: Pubmed, Cinahl y Scopus hasta el 20 de febrero de 2020. Se empleó la estrategia de búsqueda: (“virtual reality” AND “burns” AND “pain” OR “anxiety”). Se incluyeron todos los estudios que utilizaron realidad virtual inmersiva a través de las gafas como soporte para la terapia. Se evaluó el riesgo de sesgo a partir de la herramienta “Cochrane risk-of-bias tool”.

    Resultados: Tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión se obtuvieron un total de 17 artículos. Todos ellos midieron la variable dolor en su dimensión sensorial y encontraron disminuciones significativas de la intensidad del dolor en comparación con el tratamiento habitual. Sin embargo, se encontraron resultados heterogéneos y no significativos en relación con la ansiedad.

    Conclusiones: La realidad virtual parece constituir una técnica adyuvante en el tratamiento del dolor del paciente con quemaduras, durante la cura o fisioterapia. A pesar de ello, se requiere más investigación en el área para poder implementar su aplicación clínica.

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