How anti-inflammatory and antioxidant dietary supplements are effective in undermining COVID-19 pathogenesis: the role of vitamin C and D

• Zafer Yönden ^[1] ; Alireza Mohammadzadeh Shabestari ^[2] ; Arman Ghayourvahdat ^[3] ; Hannaneh Azimizonuzi ^[3] ; Seyyedeh Touran Hosseini ^[4] ; Amin Daemi ^[1]
  1. [1] Cukurova University

     Cukurova University

     Turquía

     
  2. [2] Department of Dental Surgery,Mashhad University of Medical sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  3. [3] International Federation of Inventors’ Associations , Switzerland
  4. [4] Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey

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• Localización: Academic Journal of Health Sciences: Medicina Balear, ISSN-e 2255-0560, Vol. 37, Nº. 5, 2022, págs. 158-164
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.3306/AJHS.2022.37.05.158
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Cómo los suplementos dietéticos antiinflamatorios y antioxidantes son efectivos para socavar la patogénesis de COVID-19: el papel de la vitamina C y D
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• Resumen
  • español

    Debido a la falta de un tratamiento eficaz para el síndrome respiratorio agudo severo, la nueva enfermedad pandémica por coronavirus (COVID-19) causada por -2 (SARS-CoV-2), las estrategias de prevención son las mejores opciones para controlar de forma significativa el creciente número de pacientes. Numerosos estudios sugieren una asociación entre la vitamina D y C y los resultados de la infección por SARS-CoV-2. Por lo tanto, se ha recomendado la suplementación de vitaminas como la D y la C para la prevención y el tratamiento del COVID-19. La vitamina D, como hormona inmunomoduladora, podría afectar a varias infecciones respiratorias manteniendo el sistema inmunitario y bloqueando las respuestas hiperinflamatorias como la tormenta de citoquinas mediante la disminución de la replicación viral y la regulación de los niveles de citoquinas proinflamatorias/antiinflamatorias. También hay algunas evidencias de que la vitamina D podría alterar la gravedad de la COVID-19. La eficacia de la vitamina C en la prevención y el tratamiento del coronavirus también se ha llevado a cabo en varios estudios. Debido al importante papel de la vitamina C en el sistema inmunitario, una deficiencia de esta vitamina puede aumentar la incidencia, la gravedad y el riesgo de muerte de la enfermedad por COVID-19. Esto podría explicarse por el hecho de que la deficiencia de vitamina C aumenta el riesgo de infecciones, disminuye la respuesta del sistema inmunitario y aumenta el riesgo de neumonía. Las personas con enfermedades crónicas como los pacientes con COVID-19 de alto riesgo también mostraron deficiencia de estas vitaminas, lo que podría explicar la gravedad y la alta tasa de mortalidad entre ellos. Por lo tanto, parece que un nivel suficiente de vitamina D y C en el suero puede tener un impacto positivo en la disminución del riesgo de infección por COVID-19. Teniendo en cuenta todos los aspectos, tratamos de hacer un resumen sobre el papel potencial de la suplementación de vitamina D y C en la enfermedad de COVID-19. Hemos resumido los impactos sugeridos de estas vitaminas en el SARS-CoV-2 y su patogénesis. También discutimos los mecanismos en los que estas dos vitaminas están involucradas y que podrían alterar la infección por COVID-19.

  • English

    Due to lack of effective treatment for novel pandemic coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona-virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the prevention strategies are the best choices to significantly control increasing number of patients. Numerous studies suggest an association between vitamin D and C and the outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, supplementation of vitamins such as D and C has been recommended prevention and treatment of the COVID-19. Vitamin D as an immunomodulator hormone could affect various respiratory infections by maintaining the immune system and blocking hyper-inflammatory responses like cytokine storm through decreasing viral replication and regulating the levels of pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines. There are also some evidences that vitamin D could alter severity of COVID-19. The effectiveness of vitamin C in the prevention and treatment of coronavirus has also been undertaken by several studies. Due to the important role of vitamin C in the immune system, a deficiency of this vitamin may increase the incidence, severity and the risk of death of COVID-19 disease. This could explain by this fact that vitamin C deficiency increases the risk of infections, decreases the immune system response and increases the risk of pneumonia. People with chronic diseases as high-risk COVID-19 patients also showed deficiency of these vitamins which could explain the severity and the high rate of mortality among them. Thus, it seems that sufficient vitamin D and C level in serum may have positive impact on decreasing risk of COVID-19 infection. Considering all aspects, we try to overviewed on the potential role of supplementation of vitamin D and C in COVID-19 disease. We summarized suggested impacts of these vitamins on SARS-CoV-2 and its pathogenesis. We also discussed mechanisms in which these two vitamins involved that could alter the COVID-19 infection

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