Acceso usuarios
Josué Agüero Zárate, Perla M. Trejo Ortiz, Diana Jazmín Díaz Castañeda, Roxana Araujo Espino, Paola de Jesús Lemus Rojas, Lisbeth Pacheco, Nayeli Carolina Solís Hernández, Ángel Daniel Ibarra Díaz
Objetivo: identificar la percepción que tienen los estudiantes de Enfermería sobre la adquisición de habilidades clínicas durante la pandemia por COVID-19 y analizar si está asociada con el semestre que están cursando y con haber realizado práctica clínica en escenarios reales.
Método: se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo transversal con estudiantes de Enfermería de una universidad pública de Zacatecas, México (N= 1.033). Se administró vía electrónica el segundo apartado del cuestionario Clinical Competency Questionnaire traducido al español con un alfa de Cronbach= 0,969. Se analizó la asociación de las habilidades clínicas con el semestre cursado y la experiencia mediante la prueba de Chi cuadrado con una significancia estadística de p≤ 0,05.
Resultados: respondieron un total de N= 82 estudiantes. La media de edad fue de 20,7 (DE:1,40), el 87,8% era mujer en su mayoría del séptimo semestre (40,2%). Un 50% se percibió con habilidades clínicas deficientes; un 34,1%, sin habilidades clínicas y un 15,9%, con habilidades clínicas competentes. Los estudiantes de quinto semestre se percibieron con menores habilidades clínicas (p= 0,006), al igual que aquellos que no habían cursado práctica clínica antes de la pandemia (p= 0,005).
Conclusiones: a partir de la pandemia, las habilidades en la práctica clínica son percibidas como nulas o deficientes por los estudiantes de Enfermería, por lo que se requiere implementar cambios en la metodología de enseñanza-aprendizaje, transitar a un modelo híbrido e integrador con intervenciones educativas efectivas y que demuestren el desarrollo de los dominios en este tipo de habilidades para cumplir con el perfil de egreso planteado.
Objective: to understand the perception by Nursing students about the acquisition of clinical skills during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to analyse if this is associated with the semester they are currently taking and with conducting clinical practice in real settings.
Method: a cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with Nursing students from a public university in Zacatecas, Mexico (N= 1,033). The second section of the Clinical Competency Questionnaire in its Spanish translation was administered online, with Cronbach’s alpha= 0.969. The association between the clinical skills and the semester studied and experience was analysed through Chi-squared test with p≤ 0.05 as statistical significance.
Results: in total, N= 82 students participated. Their mean age was 20.7 (SD:1.40), 87.8% were female, and the majority were in their seventh semester (40.2%). 50% of them perceived that their clinical skills were poor, 34.1% stated they had no clinical skills, and 15.9% perceived that their clinical skills were proficient. Students in their fifth semester perceived their clinical skills as lower (p= 0.006), as well as those who had not had any clinical practice before the pandemic (p= 0.005).
Conclusions: after the pandemic, clinical practice skills are perceived as non-existent or poor by Nursing students; therefore, it is necessary to implement changes in the teaching-learning methodology, to move to a hybrid and inclusive model with effective educational interventions which demonstrate the development of domains in this type of skills, in order to meet the proposed profile of graduation.
