Prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad preconcepcional en mujeres gestantes, y relación con los resultados maternos y perinatales

• Elena González-Plaza ^[1] ; Jordi Bellart ^[1] ; Maria Ángels Martínez-Verdú ^[1] ; Ángela Arranz ^[1] ; Leila Luján-Barroso ^[1] ; Gloria Seguranyes ^[1]
  1. [1] Universitat de Barcelona

     Universitat de Barcelona

     Barcelona, España

     
• Localización: Enfermería clínica, ISSN 1130-8621, Vol. 32, Nº. Extra 1, 2022 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Enfermeria Materno Infantil), págs. 23-30
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2021.04.004
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity prevalence and relation to maternal and perinatal outcomes
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Dialnet Métricas: 2 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    Objetivo Identificar la prevalencia de obesidad o sobrepeso preconcepcional y su relación con los factores sociodemográficos, y describir los resultados maternos y perinatales en un hospital de Barcelona, España.

    Método Estudio descriptivo de asociación cruzada, con recogida de datos retrospectiva en un hospital de la ciudad de Barcelona, España. Se analizó la información de 5.447 embarazadas con parto ≥23 semanas de gestación. El índice de masa corporal fue categorizado según la clasificación de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Se realizó un análisis estadístico bilateral asumiendo un valor α igual a 0,05. Se realizaron modelos de regresión logística.

    Resultados La prevalencia de obesidad preconcepcional fue del 8,4% y la del sobrepeso del 18,9%. Las gestantes con obesidad o sobrepeso preconcepcional presentaron con mayor frecuencia diabetes gestacional (OR: 1,92; IC 95%: 1,54-2,40 y OR: 3,34; IC 95%: 2,57-4,33), preeclampsia (OR: 2,08; IC 95%: 1,55-2,79 y OR: 3,35; IC 95%: 2,38-4,71), inducción del parto (OR: 1,19; IC 95%: 1,02-1,38 y OR: 1,94; IC 95%: 1,57-2,10), cesárea (OR: 1,41; IC 95%: 1,21-1,65 y OR: 2,68; IC 95%: 2,18-3,29), prematuridad (OR: 1,28; IC 95%: 1-1,65 y OR: 1,79; IC 95%: 1,32-2,44) y macrosomía (OR: 1,87; IC 95%: 1,43-2,46 y OR: 2,03; IC 95%: 1,40-2,93).

    Conclusiones Una de cada 4 gestantes presentó sobrepeso u obesidad preconcepcional. Se observó relación entre el sobrepeso u obesidad preconcepcional con la presentación de resultados maternos y perinatales adversos.

  • English

    Objective To identify the prevalence of pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity in pregnant women and its relationship with socio-demographic factors and to describe the maternal and perinatal outcomes in a Barcelona hospital (Spain).

    Method A descriptive cross-association study, with retrospective data collection, was performed Barcelona Hospital. The data of 5447 pregnant women who delivered at ≥23 weeks of gestation were included. Body Mass Index (BMI) data were categorised into World Health Organization classifications. p values <.05 (two-tailed) were considered significant. Logistic regression models were performed.

    Results The prevalence of pre-pregnancy obesity was 8.4% and 18.9% for overweight. Gestational diabetes was more frequent in pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity (OR 1.92: 95% CI 1.54-2.40 and OR 3.34: 95% CI 2.57-4.33), as were preeclampsia (OR 2.08: 95% CI 1.55-2.79 and OR 3.35: 95% CI 2.38-4.71), induction of labour (OR 1.19: 95% CI 1.02-1.38 and OR 1.94: 95% CI 1.57-2.10), caesarean section (OR 1.41: 95% CI 1.21-1.65 and OR 2.68: 95% CI 2.18-3.29), prematurity (OR 1.28: 95% CI 1-1.65 and OR 1.79: 95% CI 1.32-2.44) and macrosomia (OR 1.87: 95% CI 1.43-2.46 and OR 2.03: 95% CI 1.40-2.93).

    Conclusions One in four pregnant women had pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity. This study shows the relationship between pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes.

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