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Resumen Introducción: Para minimizar las complicaciones de los procedimientos diagnósticos y terapéuticos, así como eventos adversos asociados, la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) propone entre una serie de medidas aplicables en quirófano, la Lista de Verificación Quirúrgica (LVQ), un breve cuestionario accesible y adaptable a todos los centros quirúrgicos. El objetivo es evaluar los conocimientos de los profesionales de Enfermería, facultativos quirúrgicos y anestesiólogos del Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Ferrol (CHUF) sobre las recomendaciones de la OMS y la World Alliance for Patient Safety respecto a las medidas de seguridad para el paciente quirúrgico y del LVQ. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal realizado en el Bloque Quirúrgico del CHUF (N=163; n= 110; p<0.05). La recogida de datos se efectuó mediante un cuestionario ad hoc estructurado, junto con el que se entrega documento informativo, consentimiento informado. Resultados: Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p<0,05) en los conocimientos según la especialidad quirúrgica a la que perteneciera el profesional, siendo la asociación positiva para aquellos que pertenecían a la especialidad de anestesiología. Conclusiones: La amplia participación de las enfermeras en el estudio revela la cultura de Enfermería a la hora de propiciar la seguridad de los pacientes; se evidencia la necesidad de mejora en su formación, ya que tan sólo un 10% de las enfermeras conoce el LVQ.
Abstract Introduction: Complications of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, and errors associated with them, are a major cause of morbidity. In an attempt to minimize them, the World Health Organization (WHO) has proposed a number of measures applicable; highlights the Surgical Checklist (LVQ), a brief questionnaire that without increasing hospital costs, is accessible to all surgical centers and is adaptable to each. Studies of scientific evidence support this questionnaire as one of the instruments of the XXI century has achieved a greater reduction of the problems that can occur in the operating room and can compromise the security of the patient. The aim is to evaluate knowledge of nursing professionals, doctors and anesthesiologists of the Hospital of Ferrol on the recommendations of the WHO and the World Alliance for Patient Safety regarding security measures for the surgical patient and checklist proposed by the WHO. Methods: Cross-sectional survey conducted in the Surgical Block of the Hospital of Ferrol. The study population consists of 163 health professionals (doctors and nurses / as). Sample size for a confidence level of 95% is calculated and adjusted loss of 98 professionals. Data collection were carried out by an ad hoc structured questionnaire, along with which information document is given, informed consent, and document ensuring data privacy. To tabulate the data and performing statistical tests and calculations required the following applications: Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 19 (SPSS 19), Microsoft Excel 2010 and Epidat 4.0. Results: 37.3% of professionals who voluntarily participated in this study have knowledge about the recommendations of the WHO and the World Alliance for Patient Safety. The level of knowledge about the recommendations of the WHO and the World Alliance for Patient Safety was considered very low for a majority (69.62%) of the professionals of the operation room. Nearly three-quarters of the professionals (74.5%) not known what the WHO recommendations were; only 10% of the nurses know the Checklist surgical. Statistically significant differences (p <0.05) of knowledge based on the surgical specialty that belonged to the professional were found, the positive association for those who belonged to the specialty of anesthesiology. Not found statistically significant differences in terms of age and years of work experience in the Surgical Block, although the percentages show that knowledge in professional over 54 is lower than in the other groups (12.5%). Conclusion: The broad participation of nurses in the study reveals the culture of nursing when foster patient safety. The need for improvement is evident in their formation, since only 10% of the nurses know the LVQ. It is also necessary to continue educational and promotional interventions in all groups studied to integrate evidence-based recommendations on the use of a LVQ.
