Papel de los estímulos ambientales asociados a la droga en el desarrollo de tolerancia cruzada a los efectos de taquicardia de la nicotina y el alcohol en humanos

• Rosa Isela Ruiz-García ^[1] ; Laura Nayeli Cedillo Zavaleta ^[1] ; Juan Carlos Jiménez Mejía ^[1] ; Florencio Miranda Herrera ^[1]
  1. [1] Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala. UNAM. México
• Localización: Adicciones: Revista de socidrogalcohol, ISSN 0214-4840, Vol. 34, Nº. 1, 2022, págs. 51-60
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.20882/adicciones.1385
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Role of drug-associated environmental stimuli in the development of cross-tolerance to the tachycardic effects of nicotine and alcohol in humans
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo  1    2  
• Resumen
  • español

    De acuerdo con el modelo de condicionamiento pavloviano, las claves ambientales asociadas a la droga modulan la tolerancia a las drogas. Este estudio evaluó la contribución de las claves asociadas a la droga en el desarrollo de tolerancia cruzada a los efectos taquicárdicos de la nicotina de tabaco y el alcohol en sujetos humanos. En este experimento participaron cuarenta estudiantes universitarios. Cada estudiante fue asignado aleatoriamente a una de dos condiciones experimentales. Veinte estudiantes fumaron cigarros con nicotina en el Contexto A y placebo en el Contexto B y veinte estudiantes fumaron cigarros con nicotina en el Contexto B y placebo en el Contexto A. La prueba de tolerancia cruzada fue llevada a cabo dividiendo a los participantes de cada condición en dos subgrupos (n = 10), cada subgrupo consumió alcohol en cada uno de los contextos (A y B). Los resultados de este experimento muestran que la tolerancia cruzada entre nicotina y alcohol se presentó únicamente cuando la prueba de tolerancia cruzada se realizó en el mismo contexto donde se desarrolló la tolerancia a la nicotina del tabaco. Estos resultados concuerdan con la hipótesis de que los estímulos ambientales asociados a la droga juegan un papel modulador en el desarrollo de la tolerancia cruzada entre la nicotina del tabaco y el alcohol.

  • English

    According to the Pavlovian conditioning model, drug tolerance is modulated by drug-associated environmental cues. This study evaluated the contribution of drug-associated cues in the development of cross-tolerance to the tachycardic effects of nicotine from tobacco and alcohol in human subjects. Forty undergraduate students were recruited for this experiment, and each student was randomly assigned to one of two experimental conditions. Twenty students smoked nicotine-containing cigarettes in context A and placebo cigarettes in context B, and twenty students smoked nicotine-containing cigarettes in context B and placebo cigarettes in context A. A cross-tolerance test was carried out by dividing the subjects in each condition into two subgroups (n = 10). Each subgroup consumed alcohol in both contexts (A and B). The results of this experiment showed that cross-tolerance between nicotine and alcohol was exhibited only if the cross-tolerance test was carried out in the same context where tolerance had developed to the nicotine from tobacco. These results support the hypothesis that drug-associated environmental stimuli play a modulatory role in the development of cross-tolerance between nicotine from tobacco and alcohol

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