Mortalidad en trabajadores en la industria metalúrgica: Revisión bibliográfica

• Beatriz Izquierdo Sánchez ^[1] ; Guanlan Zhao ; Pedro J. Varó Galvañ ; Francisco Brocal Fernández ; Elena Ronda Pérez
  1. [1] Universitat d'Alacant

     Universitat d'Alacant

     Alicante, España

     
• Localización: Revista española de salud pública, ISSN 1135-5727, ISSN-e 2173-9110, Nº. 95, 2021
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Mortality among workers in metallurgical industry: literature review
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen
  • español

    Fundamentos: El análisis de la mortalidad es un indicador que contribuye a evaluar el estado de la salud laboral de los trabajadores. Los trabajadores involucrados en la extracción, refinación, aleación y fabricación de metales están frecuentemente expuestos a riesgos laborales que pueden conducir a su muerte. El objetivo de este trabajo fue sintetizar la evidencia científica sobre mortalidad en trabajadores de la industria del metal.

    Métodos: Es una revisión bibliográfica de artículos científicos mediante la base de datos PubMed.

    Se incluyeron 17 estudios, donde los temas tratados abordaban problemas específicos que influyen en la mortalidad de los trabajadores del sector de la industria metalúrgica. Se revisaron los textos completos de los artículos.

    Resultados: Los hallazgos del estudio mostraron mayores probabilidades de causa de muerte por neoplasias malignas (48%), enfermedades del sistema circulatorio (28%), accidentes laborales (15%), suicidio y violencia (9%).

    Conclusiones: A pesar de las investigaciones realizadas, existen lagunas y limitaciones en el estudio de la mortalidad en los trabajadores de la industria metalúrgica, relacionadas fundamentalmente con la relación de la causa de muerte y los factores de riesgos laborales.

  • English

    Background: The analysis of mortality offers an important indicator for assessing the state of workers’ occupational health. Workers involved in the extraction, refining, alloying and manufacturing of metals are frequently exposed to occupational risks that can lead to their death. The objective of this work was to synthesize the scientific evidence about factors associated with mortality among workers in the metallurgical industry.

    Methods: A bibliographic review was conducted using the PubMed database. Seventeen studies were included, where topics addressed specific problems that influence the mortality of workers in the metallurgical industry sector. Complete texts of the articles were reviewed.

    Results: Findings show the highest probabilities of death due to malignant neoplasms (48%), diseases of the circulatory system (28%), work accidents (15%), suicide and violence (9%).

    Conclusions: Despite the research carried out, there are gaps and limitations in the study of mortality in workers in the metallurgical industry, mainly related to the relationship of the cause of death with occupational risk factors.

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