Efecto del entrenamiento de pretemporada sobre la condición física de futbolistas jóvenes: análisis por demarcaciones

• Hernández Sánchez, Daniel ^[1] ; Martín, Víctor ^[1] ; Villa-del Bosque, María ^[1] ; Sanchez-Sanchez, Javier ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca

     Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca

     Salamanca, España

     
• Localización: Revista andaluza de medicina del deporte, ISSN 1888-7546, Vol. 12, Nº. 4, 2019 (Ejemplar dedicado a: December 2019), págs. 348-353
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.33155/j.ramd.2019.06.003
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Efeito do treinamento de pré-temporada na condição física de jovens jogadores de futebol: análise por demarcações
  • Effect of preseason training on the physical condition of young soccer players: analysis by demarcations
• Enlaces
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• Dialnet Métricas: 2 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    Objetivo: Analizar el efecto del entrenamiento de pretemporada sobre la condición física de futbolistas jóvenes en función de la demarcación ocupada en el campo.

    Método: En el estudio participaron 31 futbolistas jóvenes (edad: 15.5 ± 0.7 años; altura: 174.4 ± 6.3 cm; peso: 62.4 ± 13.4 kg; experiencia: 8.5 ± 1.3 años) que fueron divididos en tres grupos en función de su puesto de juego: defensas centrales y delanteros (DC-DE, n = 13), medios centros (MC, n = 6) y defensas y medios laterales (DL-ML, n = 12). Al comienzo (M1) y al final (M2) de un período de pretemporada de 6 semanas todos los futbolistas realizaron una serie de test de condición física: test de resistencia intermitente (30-15VFIT), test de sprints repetidos (RSAmedia y RSAmejor), test de salto horizontal (THbilateral), test de velocidad (sprint 40 m) y test de cambio de dirección (T-Test).

    Resultados: Los resultados mostraron mejores valores en THbilateral para DC-DE y DL-ML que para MC en M1 (5/4/92%, probable y 99/1/0%, muy probable; respectivamente) y en M2 (5/7/88%, probable y 97/2/1%, muy probable, respectivamente). En la medida M2 también se observaron mejores resultados en DL-ML que en DC-DE en las variables RSAmedia (5/8/87, probable), RSAmejor (2/8/90%, probable) y T-Test (2/10/82%, probable).

    Conclusión: Mientras que al comienzo del período de entrenamiento sólo existen diferencias entre demarcaciones en THbilateral, el entrenamiento específico puede provocar diferencias entre demarcaciones en la capacidad de repetir sprints y en la capacidad de cambio de dirección.

  • português

    Objetivo: Analisar o efeito do treinamento pré-temporada sobre a condição física de jovens jogadores de futebol com base na demarcação ocupada no campo.

    Método: O estudo envolveu 31 jovens jogadores de futebol (idade: 15.5 ± 0.7 anos; altura: 174.4 ± 6.3 cm, peso: 62.4 ± 13.4 kg; experiência: 8.5 ± 1.3 anos) que foram divididos em tres grupos com base na sua posição de jogo: defesas centrais e avançados centrais (DC-AC, n = 13), médios centros (MC, n = 6) e defesas e médias laterais (DL-ML, n = 12). No início (M1) e no final (M2) de um período de pré-temporada de 6 semanas, todos os jogadores tiveram uma série de testes de condição física: teste de resistência intermitente (30-15VFIT) teste repetido sprints (RSAmédio e RSAmelhor) teste de salto horizontal (THbilateral), teste de velocidade (sprint 40 m) e teste de mudança de direção (T-Test).

    Resultados: Os resultados mostraram melhores valores em THbilateral para DC-AC e DL-ML do que para MC em M1 (5/4/92%, provável e 99/1/0%, muito provável, respectivamente) e em M2 (5/7/88%, provável e 97/2/1%, muito provável, respectivamente). Na medida M2, melhores resultados também foram observados em DL-ML do que em DC-AC nas variáveis RSAmédio (5/8/87, provável), RSAmelhor (2/8/90%, provável) e T-Test (2/10/82%, provável).

    Conclusão: Enquanto no início do período de treinamento existem apenas diferenças entre demarcações no THbilateral, o treinamento específico pode causar diferenças entre demarcações na habilidade de repetir sprints e na habilidade de mudar de direção.

  • English

    Objective: To analyse the effect of preseason training on the physical condition of young players according to the playing position occupied in the field.

    Method: The study involved 31 young soccer players (age: 15.5 ± 0.7 years; height: 174.4 ± 6.3 cm; weight: 62.4 ± 13.4 kg; experience: 8.5 ± 1.3 years) who were divided into three groups based on their playing position: central defenders and forwards (CD-FW, n = 13), central midfielders (CM, n = 6) and external defenders and external midfielders (ED-EM, n =12). At the beginning (M1) and at the end (M2) of a preseason period of 6 weeks all the players performed physical condition tests: intermittent endurance test (30-15VFIT), repeated sprint test (RSAmean and RSAbest), horizontal jump test (THbilateral), speed test (sprint 40 m) and change of direction test (T-Test).

    Results: The results showed better values in THbilateral for CD-FW and ED-EM that for CM in both M1 (5/4/92%, likely and 99/1/0%, very likely, respectively) and in M2 (5/7/88%, likely and 97/2/1%, very likely, respectively). In the M2 measure, better results were also observed in ED-EM than CD-FW in the variables RSAmean (5/8/87%, likely), RSAbest (2/8/90%, likely) and T-Test (2/10/82%, likely).

    Conclusions: While at the beginning of the training period there are only differences between demarcations in THbilateral, the specific training can cause differences between demarcations in the ability to repeat sprints and in the ability to change direction.

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