Complicaciones psicopatológicas asociadas al consumo de drogas recreativas

• Autores: Sara Martínez Barrondo, Julio Bobes García, Pilar Alejandra Saiz Martínez, María Teresa Bascarán Fernández, Manuel Bousoño García, María Paz García Portilla González
• Localización: Adicciones: Revista de socidrogalcohol, ISSN 0214-4840, Vol. 15, Nº. Extra 2, 2003, págs. 217-231
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.20882/adicciones.463
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Dialnet Métricas: 2 Citas
• Resumen

  • Esta revisión pretende evaluar las evidencias empíricas existentes en relación a las secuelas psicológicas persistentes asociadas al uso recreativo de MDMA. Numerosos casos clínicos sugieren que el uso regular de MDMA puede asociarse con trastornos psiquiátricos crónicos (psicosis, crisis de pánico, despersonalización, depresión, flashbacks) que persisten tras el cese del consumo. Es difícil determinar si el consumo de MDMA es el responsable directo de estos cuadros o es una asociación casual. Estudios comparativos entre usuarios regulares de MDMA y controles sugieren que la MDMA puede generar alteración selectiva de la memoria episódica, memoria de trabajo, y de la atención. Evidencias preclínicas apoyan dichos hallazgos: depleción serotoninérgica en usuarios importantes de MDMA, relación dosis-respuesta entre consumo de MDMA y gravedad del deterioro cognitivo. Hay que ser cautos al establecer relaciones de causalidad entre consumo de MDMA y trastornos mentales, usando datos procedentes de estudios transversales, ya que el uso de MDMA se asocia a patrón de policonsumo y, además, el comienzo del trastorno mental podría en muchas ocasiones preceder al uso de la sustancia.

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