Variabilidad de la frecuencia cardiaca y ejercicio.: ¿Fundamentación fisiológica?

• Calderón, F.J. ^[1] ; Cupeiro, R. ^[1] ; Peinado, A.B. ^[1] ; Lorenzo-Capella, I. ^[2]
  1. [1] Universidad Politécnica de Madrid

     Universidad Politécnica de Madrid

     Madrid, España

     
  2. [2] Universidad Camilo José Cela

     Universidad Camilo José Cela

     Villanueva de la Cañada, España

     
• Localización: Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, ISSN-e 1577-0354, Vol. 20, Nº. 78, 2020, págs. 299-320
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.15366/rimcafd2020.78.008
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Heart rate variability and exercise,: Is there a physiological basis?
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Dialnet Métricas: 2 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    Este trabajo pretende dos objetivos: 1º) dar una visión pedagógica de la complejidad relativa al tratamiento matemático de la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardiaca y 2º) analizar si el tratamiento matemático de la señal RR (distancia entre dos ondas R del electrocardiograma) tiene una base fisiológica.

    Se revisan los mecanismos fisiológicos que explican uno de los fenómenos de base para el análisis de la variabilidad: la arritmia sinusal respiratoria. Se analizan las bases matemáticas, así como los métodos matemáticos de valoración, de la variabilidad. Finalmente, se realiza una revisión del significado fisiológico de las bandas de frecuencia obtenidas mediante las diversas metodologías del tratamiento de la señal RR.

    No está claro si los métodos matemáticos de tratamiento de la señal RR pueden ser una herramienta de valoración de la función vegetativa. Por ello, debemos tener precaución al interpretar esta variable, sobre todo en el contexto del ejercicio físico y entrenamiento.

  • English

    This work has two objectives: 1) to give a pedagogical view about the complexity of the mathematical treatment of heart rate variability and 2) to analyze whether the mathematical treatment of the RR signal (distance between two R waves shown in an electrocardiogram) has a physiological basis.

    We reviewed the physiological mechanisms that explain one of the basic phenomena for the analysis of heart rate variability: respiratory sinus arrhythmia. The elementary mathematical bases as well as the mathematical methods of assessing the variability are analyzed. Finally, we offer a critical review of the physiological significance of the frequency bands obtained by the various methodologies of the RR signal processing.

    It is not clear whether the mathematical methods of RR signal processing can be an assessment tool for vegetative function. Therefore, this variable must be interpreted with caution, especially in the context of physical exercise and training.

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