Regner Birkelund, Annelise Norlyk, Ingrid Villadsen Kristensen, Jette Henriksen
A qualitative metasynthesis following Sandelowski and Barroso's method was conducted to explore what characterizes the existential experiences of individuals living with end-stage renal disease. The findings show that patients with end-stage renal disease live with several existential contradictions characterized by the following: perception of the body—oscillating between connection and separation, maintaining life—oscillating between freedom and captivity, uncertainty—oscillating between hope and despair, and enduring technology—oscillating between being perceived as an object and subject. Consequently, living with end-stage renal disease is challenging for patients; hence, the support of nurses is important to alleviate patients' vulnerability.