Problemas de salud a los 10 años del trasplante alogénico de progenitores hematopoyéticos en pacientes pediátricos

• Autores: Mª Dolores Abad Ruiz, Carmen Conde Ceña, Esther Díaz Romero
• Localización: Metas de enfermería, ISSN 1138-7262, Vol. 22, Nº. 6, 2019, págs. 28-32
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.35667/metasenf.2019.22.1003081448
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Health problems at 10 years of allogeneic stem cell transplant in pediatric patients
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• Resumen
  • español

    Método: estudio descriptivo transversal de aquellos pacientes pediátricos (0 a 18 años) que recibieron un alo-TPH durante el periodo 2006-2007 en la unidad de trasplante de progenitores hematopoyéticos del Hospital Universitario Vall d’Hebron (Barcelona). Los datos clínicos se recogieron a través de las historias clínicas. Se realizó estadística descriptiva.

    Resultados: la muestra fue de 28 pacientes con una media de edad de 16 años y rango de edad de 11 a 26 años. Hubo la misma proporción de hombres y mujeres, un 50% (n= 14). El 96,5% (n= 27) vive con sus padres, el 92,8% (n=20) es estudiante. Las principales complicaciones fueron las endocrinas con un 53,5% (n= 15), seguidas de un 28,5% (n= 8) de problemas circulatorios. Un 57% (n= 16) presentó alteraciones en la piel, musculoesqueléticas y enfermedades no malignas, principalmente anemias hemolíticas. En la muestra de estudio únicamente tres (10,7%) casos sufrieron enfermedad injerto contra huésped.

    Conclusión: la identificación de los problemas de salud más prevalentes en los alo-TPH (endocrinas, circulatorias, piel, musculoesqueléticas) permitirá diseñar recomendaciones específicas a estos pacientes y sus familias para minimizar los riesgos y mejorar el manejo de las mismas.

  • English

    Objective: to understand the health problems presented by these patients 10 years after receiving an allogeneic stem cell transplant (allo-SCT).

    Method: a descriptive cross-sectional study of those pediatric patients (from 0 to 18-year-old) who received an allo-SCT during the 2006-2007 period at the Stem Cell Transplant Unit of the Hospital Universitario Vall d’Hebron (Barcelona). Clinical data were collected through clinical records. Descriptive statistics was conducted.

    Results: the sample included 28 patients with 16 years as mean age, and an age range from 11 to 26-year-old. There was an equal proportion of men and women: 50% (n= 14); 96.5% (n= 27) lived with their parents, and 92.8% (n=20) were students. The main complications were endocrinological, with 53.5% (n= 15), followed by circulatory problems with 28.5% (n= 8); 57% (n= 16) presented skin alterations, musculoskeletal alterations, and non-malignant conditions, mainly hemolytic anemia. Only 3 cases (10.7%) from the sample suffered graft versus host disease.

    Conclusion: the detection of the most prevalent health conditions in allo-SCT (endocrinological, circulatory, skin, and musculoskeletal) will allow to design specific recommendations for these patients and their families, in order to minimize risks and improve their management.

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