Cambios a corto plazo del estiramiento estático, la electroestimulación y las vibraciones de cuerpo completo en la flexibilidad de los isquiotibiales

• Carlos Ortega ^[2] ; Héctor Menéndez ^[1] ; Azael J. Herrero ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad Europea Miguel de Cervantes

     Universidad Europea Miguel de Cervantes

     Valladolid, España

     
  2. [2] Centro de Investigación en Discapacidad Física, Fundación ASPAYM, Castilla y León
• Localización: Cultura, ciencia y deporte, ISSN 1696-5043, Vol. 14, Nº. 40, 2019, págs. 43-49
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.12800/ccd.v14i40.1224
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Short-term changes of the static stretching, electromyoestimulation and whole-body vibration on the flexibility of hamstrings
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen
  • español

    Objetivo. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar los efectos agudos del estiramiento estático (EE), la electroestimulación neuromuscular (EENM), las vibraciones de cuerpo completo (VCC) y la combinación de estos protocolos (VCC+EENM) en la flexibilidad de los isquiotibiales. Metodología. Quince varones recibieron cuatro protocolos en un diseño cruzado, uno por semana: estiramiento estático (EE); estiramiento con EENM superpuesta (EENM); estiramiento combinado con VCC (VCC); y estiramiento con EENM superpuesta combinado con VCC (VCC+EENM). Todos los protocolos se aplicaron durante 1 minuto. La flexibilidad fue evaluada por los tests Back Saver Sit and Reach (BSSR) y Active Knee Extension (AKE). Estos tests se llevaron a cabo antes (pre), inmediatamente tras cada protocolo (post) y 1, 3, 5 y 10 minutos tras cada protocolo. Resultados. Los datos obtenidos para el BSSR fueron mayores en la valoración post respecto al pre para EENM (18.3%, p<0.001), VCC (10.1%, p<0.05), y VCC+EENM (14.9%, p<0.01). Diez minutos tras la aplicación de cada protocolo el BSSR fue mayor respecto al valor basal para los protocolos EE (12.0%, p<0.001), EENM (18.8%, p<0.001), VCC (12.7%, p<0.01) y VCC+EENM (13.6%, p<0.001). Todos los protocolos mejoraron el rendimiento en el test AKE por igual. Conclusión. Nuestros datos indican que los protocolos EE, EENM, VCC y la combinación de ambos métodos son efectivos para mejorar la flexibilidad de los isquiotibiales. Además, esta mejora puede mantenerse durante los 10 minutos posteriores a la aplicación de cualquiera de los protocolos estudiados.

  • English

    Aim. The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effects of the static stretching (SS), neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NEMS), wholebody vibration (WBV) and the combination of all these protocols (WBV+NEMS) on the flexibility of hamstrings. Methods. Fifteen males received four stretching protocols in a crossover design, one protocol per week: static stretching (SS); stretching with superimposed NEMS; stretching combined with WBV; and stretching with superimposed NEMS combined with WBV (WBV+NEMS). All protocols lasted one minute. The flexibility was assessed by both the Back Saver Sit and Reach (BSSR) and the Active Knee Extension (AKE) test. Flexibility measurements were performed before (baseline), immediately after the protocol (post) and 1, 3, 5 and 10 min post protocol. Outcomes. The BSSR at post was greater than the baseline value for NEMS (18.3%, p<0.001), WBV (10.1%, p<0.05), and WBV+NMES (14.9%, p<0.01). Ten minutes after the application of each protocol the BSSR was higher in respect to baseline value for SS (12.0%, p<0.001), NMES (18.8%, p<0.001), WBV (12.7%, p<0.01), and WBV+NEMS (13.6%, p<0.001). All protocols improved AKE in the same way. Conclusion. Our data indicates that SS, NEMS, WBV and the combination of both methods are effective to improve the flexibility of hamstrings. Furthermore, this improvement may be maintained for at least 10 min after the cessation of the exercise, irrespectively of the stretching protocol.

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