Los sesamoideos de la articulación metatarsofalángica del primer dedo: una revisión sistemática

• Autores: Paúl Barroso Gómez, Manuel Herrera Lara, Jorge Alfonso Murillo González, Ricardo Becerro de Bengoa Vallejo
• Localización: Revista Internacional de Ciencias Podológicas, ISSN 1887-7249, Vol. 11, Nº. 1, 2017, págs. 8-26
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.5209/rev_RICP.2017.v11.n1.54102
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Sesamoids of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the big toe: a sistematic review
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    Background: Los huesos sesamoideos del primer metatarsiano no son tenidos siempre en consideración a la hora de realizar un diagnóstico, en las patologías que afectan a la región de la cabeza del primer metatarsiano. Ello es debido al escaso conocimiento de todas las entidades patológicas que pueden afectar a los sesamoideos y por la relativa poca incidencia que hasta el momento tienen. Con el aumento de las actividades de práctica deportiva, en concreto del running, cada vez se observan más afectaciones de índole clínica en esta región, relacionadas con este hueso. Métodos: Se realiza una búsqueda bibliográfica en 5 bases de datos (Medline, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library y BUCEA). Los términos empleados en la búsqueda fueron: sesamoids, anatomy, biomechanics, sesamoids review y sesamoids pathology. En la búsqueda inicial se tienen en cuenta los artículos con menos de 10 años, ceñidos a humanos y textos de revisión. Resultados: Se seleccionan 24 artículos que incluyen diferentes patologías con sus consiguientes diagnósticos mediante pruebas de imagen y tratamientos, tanto conservadores como quirúrgicos; así como aspectos de la biomecánica de la articulación metatarso-sesamoidea. Conclusión: Los sesamoideos debido a su anatomía, topografía y función pueden estar involucrados en un gran número de patologías; con signos y síntomas generalmente similares entre ellas y que pueden llevar al podólogo clínico a la confusión a la hora de realizar un diagnóstico y un tratamiento acertados.

  • English

    The first metatarsal sesamoid bones are not always taken into consideration when making a diagnosis, in pathologies that affect the region of the first metatarsal head. This is due to the insufficient knowledge of all the pathologies that can affect the sesamoids and the relative little incidence that they have. With the increment of sports activities, in particular the running, increasingly affects of the symptoms concerning this region are observed.

    Methods: A literature search was performed in 5 databases (Medline, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library and BUCEA). The terms included in the search were: sesamoids, anatomy, biomechanics, sesamoids review and sesamoids pathology. In the initial search articles with no more than 10 years, only humans and revision texts are considered. Results: 24 articles were selected and include different pathologies with diagnosis using imaging tests and treatments, both conservative and surgical; as well as aspects from the biomechanics of the metatarsal-sesamoid joint. Conclusion: Sesamoids due of his anatomy, topography and function can be involved in a lot of pathologies; with similar signs and symptoms that can confuse the podiatry when he has to make a correct diagnosis or treatment.

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