Gestión del estrés en entornos laborales y actividad física. Revisión sobre instrumentos de medición

• Jorge García-Unanue ^[1] ; Manuel León ^[2] ; Enrique Colino ^[2] ; Leonor Gallardo ^[2]
  1. [1] Universidad Europea de Madrid

     Universidad Europea de Madrid

     Madrid, España

     
  2. [2] Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha

     Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha

     Ciudad Real, España

     
• Localización: Kronos: revista universitaria de la actividad física y el deporte, ISSN 1579-5225, Vol. 16, Nº. 1, 2017
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Stress Management and Physical Activity in the Workplace. A Review of Assessment Tools
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Dialnet Métricas: 1 Cita
• Resumen
  • español

    La investigación sobre el uso de la actividad física para mejorar la gestión del estrés en población trabajadora produce cada vez más interés. Sin embargo, se ha llevado a cabo desde diferentes áreas y de forma muy heterogénea, dificultando la comparación de resultados y encontrando gran cantidad de instrumentos para evaluar el estrés percibido, haciendo difícil el diseño de estudios. El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar qué herramientas de evaluación del estrés han sido las más utilizadas en este tipo de estudios, identificando las más flexibles y útiles de cara a facilitar futuras investigaciones. Para ello, se ha llevado a cabo una revisión teórica de la literatura relacionada desde 2010, identificando los estudios que analizan el estrés percibido o variables similares en población trabajadora e incluían el efecto de la actividad física. Los resultados muestran que el Perceived Stress Scale y el Need for Recovery son los más utilizados en la actualidad debido a su fácil aplicación y por la facilidad de modificación y adaptación a cada estudio. Además, destaca la necesidad de complementar variables de estrés psicológico con estrés fisiológico para observar cómo afectan realmente los diferentes tipos de actividad física a la gestión del estrés.

  • English

    Research on physical activity to improve stress management in the workplace is attracting a lot of interest. However, these studies are multidisciplinary and very heterogeneous, which complicates the comparison of results. Moreover, the study design is difficult due to the large number of tools available to assess perceived stress. The aim of this paper is to identify the most popular stress assessment tools in these studies, which are flexible and useful for future research. For that purpose, a literature review was conducted to identify the studies that analyze perceived stress (or similar variables) in the workplace and include the effect of physical activity since 2010. The results show that the Perceived Stress Scale and the Need for Recovery are the most popular measures at the moment because of their easy adaptation and implementation in all studies. Finally, it seems necessary to combine psychological and physiological stress variables to observe the effect that different types of physical activity have on stress management.

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