Métodos indirectos para evaluar cogniciones implícitas hacia el alcohol: Una revisión conceptual

• María Ayelén Biscarra ^[1] ; Karina Conde ^[1] ; Mariana Cremonte ^[1] ; Ruben Ledesma ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata

     Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata

     Argentina

     
• Localización: Health and addictions: salud y drogas, ISSN-e 1578-5319, Vol. 16, Nº. 1, 2016, págs. 5-18
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.21134/haaj.v16i1.241
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Indirect methods to assess implicit cognitions towards alcohol: A conceptual review
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    Desde su aparición, en la década del 70, el Modelo del Doble Procesamiento (MDP) ha ganado una gran popularidad en diversos ámbitos de la psicología, principalmente en el ámbito de las adicciones. Según este modelo existen dos sistemas cognitivos: uno explícito, conciente y controlable; y otro implícito, automático y más ligado a la intuición y al afecto. El MDP se ha empleado para comprender los factores que subyacen a los comportamientos relacionados con el alcohol y en poco tiempo se produjo un crecimiento exponencial de las investigaciones que utilizan medidas implícitas para evaluar cogniciones relacionadas hacia el consumo de alcohol. Si bien estos métodos comparten algunas características básicas, difieren en aspectos importantes (evidencias de validez disponibles, condiciones de administración, etc). Por ello, este trabajo pretende ofrecer un panorama comprensivo de las distintas formas de evaluar la cognición implícita hacia el alcohol.

    Esperamos que esta revisión resulte de utilidad no solo para los investigadores, sino también para los profesionales que se ocupan de los problemas relacionados con el consumo de alcohol en el ámbito clínico

  • English

    Since its emergence in the 70s, the Dual Process Model (DPM) has gained wide popularity in different fields of psychology, including the study of addictions. According to this model, there are two cognitive systems: one explicit, conscious and controllable; and another implicit, automatic and linked to intuition and affection. The DPM has been used to understand mechanisms underlying alcohol related behaviors, and quickly an exponential growth of research using implicit measures to evaluate alcohol related cognitions occurred. While these methods share some basic features, they differ in important aspects such as validity evidence available, administration procedures, etc. Therefore, in this paper we provide a comprehensive overview of the different ways to evaluate implicit alcohol related cognitions. We hope this review will be useful not only for researchers but also for professionals working in the clinical area with alcoholrelated problems.

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