Acceso usuarios
Barcelona, España
El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la identidad deportiva y la motivación hacia los estudios y el deporte en función del género y del tipo de deporte. Participaron 63 deportistas de élite en activo (21.8 ± 3.2 años) que cursaban estudios superiores, 36 mujeres (21.4 ± 2.9 años) y 27 hombres (22.4 ± 3.5años), 31 pertenecían a deportes individuales y 32 colectivos. Se aplicaron los cuestionarios Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS; Brewer et al., 1993) y Student Athlete’s Motivation toward Sports and Academics Questionnaire Italian Version (SAMSAQ-IT; Lupo et al., 2012). Los deportistas de deportes individuales tenían una mayor carga de entrenamiento que los deportistas de deportes colectivos (F1,59= 34.73; p< .001; η2= .371). Los hombres presentaron una identidad deportiva más elevada que las mujeres (F1,51= 4,27; p= .044; η2= .077 ). Para el SAMSAQ-IT, hubo efecto multivariado del tipo de deporte (F3,43= 3.98; p= .014). Las puntuaciones fueron más altas en los deportistas de deportes individuales que en los de deportes colectivos (F1,45= 11.72; p= .001; η2= .207 para MD; F1,45= 7.75; p= .008; η2= .147 para MA y F1,45= 5.20; p= .027; η2= .104 para MCD). La mayor dificultad observada con los estudios en los deportistas de deportes individuales y en las mujeres, no puede ser atribuida ni a una menor motivación académica ni a una mayor identidad deportiva.
The aim of this study was to analyze if the athletic identity and the dual career motivation depends on the type of sport and the gender. The sample consisted of 63 elite athletes (21.8 ± 3.2 years old). They were all studying higher education studies. Thirty-six were women (21.4 ± 2.9 years old) and twenty-seven men (22.4 ± 3.5 years old). Thirty-one were from individual sports and thirty-two from team sports. The Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS; Brewer et al., 1993) and the Student Athlete’s Motivation toward Sports and Academics Questionnaire Italian version (SAMSAQ-IT; Lupo et al., 2012) were applied. The athletes of individual sports (23.78 ± 8.83 hours) trained more hours per week (23.78 ± 8.83 hours) than the team sport athletes (12.9 ± 4.67 hours) (F1,59= 34.73; p< .001; η2= 0.371). Men had a stronger athletic identity than women (F1,51= 4,27; p= .044; η2= .077). A multivariate effect was found at the SAMSAQ-IT depending on the type of sport (F3,43= 3.98; p= .014). The athletes of individual sports achieved higher values than the athletes of team sports (F1,45= 11.72; p= .001; η2= 0.207 for SAM; F1,45= 7.75; p= .008; η2= 0.147 for AM and F1,45= 5.20; p= .027; η2= .104 for CAM). The difficulties observed on women and athletes of individual sports could not be attributed neither to a low academic motivation nor a strong athletic identity.
