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Objective: to assess the psychological or emotional impact of stoma creation on patients, and if there are differences in the psychological impact and quality of life between persons with a temporary stoma and those with a definitive stoma.
Method: an observational, controlled and multicentre study. The population included in this study were persons who had recently undergone surgery to create an ileostomy or colostomy. The study consisted of an inclusion visit immediately after surgery and a final visit three months after inclusion. It was conducted in public and private health centres in Spain, under regular care conditions, and according to clinical practice. The tools used for the analysis of the study variables were the Quality of Life Questionnaire (Stoma-QoL) and the NANDA, NIC and NOC taxonomies.
Results: out of the 814 patients in the study, 61.5% were male, with a mean 62.5 years of age. Regarding the type of ostomy, 57% were colostomies vs. 43% of ileostomies. In terms of the comparative analysis between patients with temporary and definitive ostomy, the results regarding the number of indicators of NOC outcomes selected were a mean 7.8 in temporary ostomy and 7.2 in definitive ostomy, but these were not statistically significant (p= 0.1809). Regarding the assessment of the indicators selected within each suggested NOC, outcomes were very similar, and no significant differences were found in any parameter between patients with temporary or definitive ostomy.
Discussion and conclusions: the assessment of the outcomes reveals that there are no significant differences in the outcomes for NOC indicators between patients with a temporary or definitive stoma three months after the ostomy procedure. Regarding the assessment of quality of life through the validated Stoma QoL questionnaire, a higher score has been recorded in patients with definitive ostomy, but this difference has not been statistically significant.
