Acceso usuarios
Joan Guix Oliver, Llorenç Balaña, Joan Miguel Carbonell Rivera, Rosa Simón Pérez, Rosa María Surroca, Lluís Nualart i Berbel
Fundamentos: El consentimiento informado supone un proceso que va más allá de la firma de un documento de autorización. Este proceso supone una relación de información, comprensión, confianza y autorización entre el médico y el paciente. El objetivo del presente trabajo es el conocer el nivel de cumplimiento y percepción por parte de los usuarios, del proceso de consentimiento informado en un sector sanitario de Catalunya. Metodos: Encuesta telefónica realizada a 314 expacientes quirúrgicos de los hospitales de un sector, entre 18 y 75 años, intervenidos en los tres meses anteriores a la realización del estudio, con el fin de conocer la percepción de los usuarios respecto del proceso de consentimiento. De estos, revisión de la documentación clínica de un 30%, para conocer el porcentaje de cumplimiento de la documentación del proceso de consentimiento. Resultados: 61% de los pacientes recuerdan haber firmado el documento de consentimiento, 59,2% recordaban explicaciones sobre riesgos o complicaciones de la intervención a que serian sometidos. 9% no entendieron suficientemente lo que se les haría en la operación, y un 36% entendieron que el documento de consentimiento eximia a los profesionales de responsabilidades. Existía relación estadísticamente significativa respecto de grupo de edad, nivel educativo, y vía de ingreso. En 78% de les historias clínicas revisadas existía documento de consentimiento informado. El diagnostico constaba en un 14,9%, y la firma del médico existía en un 48,9%. Se constató relación estadísticamente significativa respecto a la vía de ingreso de los pacientes. Conclusiones: No se esta implementando correctamente el proceso de consentimiento informado en los dos centros estudiados. El médico no se implica totalmente en el proceso.
Background: Informed consent entails a process which involves more than signing a form to give ones consent. This process involves the mutual exchange of information, understanding, trust and consent between physician and patient. The purpose of this study is that of ascertaining the degree to which those consumers who have gone through the informed consent process in a health care district in Catalonia have filled out and fully understood this form. Methods: Telephone survey conducted among 314 former surgery patients at hospitals in a given district, ages 18-75, who had undergone surgery within the three months immediately prior to the date on which the survey was conducted for the purpose of ascertaining the opinion of these consumers regarding the consent process. A review of the clinical records of 30% of these individuals was conducted for the purpose of ascertaining the degree of compliance with the consent form process. Results: Sixty-one percent (61%) of the patients surveyed remembered having signed the consent form, 59.2% recalling explanations regarding risks or complications of the surgery they were to undergo. Nine percent (9%) did not understand well enough what was going to be done to them during the surgery, and 36% were of the understanding that the consent form released the health care professionals from laibility. A statistically significant relationship was found to exist among the age group, educational level and admissions channel. Seventy-eight percent (78%) of the clinical records reviewed included informed consent forms. The diagnosis was stated on 14.9% of these forms, and 48.9% had been signed by the attending physician. A statistically significant relationship was found between the channels through which patients were admitted to the hospital. Conclusions: The informed consent process is not being implemented correctly at the two hospitals analyzed. Phuysicians are not totally involved in the process.
