Influencia de los problemas crónicos de salud en las dimensiones del cuestionario EQ-5D: estudio en personas mayores institucionalizadas y no instituzionalizadas

• Autores: Concha Delgado Sanz, María Eugenia Prieto-Flores Flores, María João Forjaz, Alba Ayala García, Fermina Rojo Pérez, Gloria Fernández Mayoralas, Pablo Martínez Martín
• Localización: Revista española de salud pública, ISSN 1135-5727, ISSN-e 2173-9110, Vol. 85, Nº. 6, 2011, págs. 555-568
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Influence of chronic health problems in dimensions of EQ-5D: study of institutionalized and non-institutionalized elderly
• Enlaces
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• Dialnet Métricas: 5 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    Fundamento: Las enfermedades crónicas representan factores de riesgo para la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS). El objetivo de estudio es analizar la influencia de problemas crónicos de salud autodeclarados en la CVRS, medida a través de las dimensiones del EQ-5D, en personas mayores institucionalizada y no institucionalizada. Métodos: Los datos proceden de dos estudios sobre calidad de vida en personas con 60 o más años de edad, en España, con una muestra de 1.106 personas mayores viviendo en la comunidad, y 234 en centros residenciales. Para analizar la influencia de los problemas crónicos más prevalentes en la CVRS se ajustaron modelos de regresión logística tomando como variable dependiente cada dimensión del EQ-5D y controlando por variables sociodemográficas. Resultados: Los problemas crónicos de salud que influyeron negativamente en la CVRS de los dos grupos de población estudiados, fueron la depresión (rango de OR en las distintas dimensiones del EQ-5D:1,97-6,48), seguida de artrosis/artritis (OR:2,81-6,00), insomnio (OR:2,81-4,61), diabetes (OR:1,68-3,44) e hipertensión arterial (OR:1,42-2,45). Estos problemas afectaron de forma distinta a las dimensiones del EQ-5D y a los dos grupos considerados. Las dimensiones del EQ-5D en las que se observaron más dificultades fueron dolor/malestar y movilidad. Conclusiones: Los resultados de este trabajo indican que el carácter debilitante de las enfermedades crónicas sobre la CVRS es distinto en personas mayores institucionalizadas y no institucionalizadas. Además, destacan la importancia de la promoción de un envejecimiento saludable para atenuar el impacto negativo de los problemas crónicos de la salud sobre la población mayor.

  • English

    Background: Chronic medical conditions represent risk factors for health related quality of life (HRQOL). The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of self-reported chronic health conditions in HRQOL, measured through the EQ-5D dimensions, in non-institutionalized and institutionalized older adults. Methods: Data were obtained from two studies of quality of life in population aged 60 years or over, in Spain, with a sample of 1,106 community-dwelling adults and 234 residents of care facilities. To analyse the influence of the most prevalent chronic health conditions on HRQOL multiple logistic regression models were adjusted using as dependent variable each EQ-5D dimension, controlling for socio-demographic variables. Results: The chronic health conditions that most influenced the HRQOL of both groups were depression (OR range in the different EQ-5D dimensions: 1.97-6.48), followed by arthrosis/arthritis (OR: 2.81-6.00), sleep problems (OR: 2.81-4.61), diabetes (OR: 1.68-3.44) and hypertension (OR: 1.42-2.45). These problems affected differentially the EQ-5D dimensions and the two groups considered. Pain/discomfort and mobility were the EQ-5D dimensions where more difficulties were reported. Conclusions: The results of this work indicate that the debilitating effect of chronic health conditions on the HRQOL is different for institutionalized and non-institutionalized older adults. They also highlight the importance of promoting healthy ageing to attenuate the negative impact of chronic health conditions on HRQOL in old age.

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