Valoración física, condición física y calidad de vida en pacientes con diferentes tratamientos renales sustitutivos

• Autores: Sonsoles Hernández Sánchez , David García López, Alejandro Santos-Lozano , Gustavo González-Calvo, Mónica Brazález Tejerina, Nuria Garatachea Vallejo
• Localización: Enfermería Nefrológica, ISSN 2254-2884, Vol. 18, Nº. 2, 2015, págs. 81-88
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.4321/s2254-28842015000200002
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Dialnet Métricas: 4 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    La actividad física es de vital importancia en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica, ya que mejora la capacidad funcional de los sujetos e incrementa notablemente su calidad de vida. Para mejorar la calidad de vida en pacientes con tratamiento renal sustitutivo, dializados o trasplantados, deberían ser incluidos programas de actividad física planificados y supervisados por profesionales. Existen varios estudios sobre entrenamiento aeróbico y de fuerza en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en hemodiálisis pero pocos sobre la condición física relacionada con la salud en estos pacientes y escasos los referentes a condición física en trasplantados y en pacientes con diálisis peritoneal. El objetivo principal del estudio fue evaluar el nivel de actividad física, condición física y calidad de vida de enfermos renales crónicos con diferentes tratamientos sustitutivos.

    Material y métodos:25 enfermos renales crónicos varones de entre 59 y 72 años, que participaron voluntariamente en este estudio, fueron divididos en 3 grupos: trasplantados renales: N=11, hemodializados: N=6, y en tratamiento de diálisis peritoneal: N=8. Se les administró el cuestionario de cuantificación de actividad física YALE, el cuestionario de calidad de vida KDQoL y realizaron la batería de tests Senior Fitness Test (SFT).

    Resultados:No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre grupos en ninguno de los cuestionarios ni en los tests realizados. Los 3 grupos mostraron valores inferiores que otras poblaciones sanas de referencia de la misma edad.

    Conclusiones: El tipo de tratamiento sustitutivo en los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica no influye sobre el nivel de actividad física, condición física ni calidad de vida.

  • English

    Introduction:Physical activity has been shown very helpful in chronic renal patients (CKD) because it improves the subject’s physical fitness and therefore their quality of life. To improve the quality of life in patients with substitute renal treatment, dialysated or transplanted, they should be included in physical activity programmes carefully planned and supervised by experts and professionals. There are several researches in literature about aerobic and strength training with patients with CKD in hemodialysis, but a few about physical condition related to health in this patients, and less than a few, the related researches about the physical condition in transplanted and peritoneal dialysis patients. This study aimed to assess the physical activity, physical fitness and quality of life levels in chronic renal patients with different alternative treatments.

    Material and methods: 25 male chronic renal patients aged between 59 and 72 years old were divided in 3 groups: renal transplant (Tx): N= 11, hemodialysis (HD): N = 6, and peritoneal dialysis (DP): N=8. The YALE physical activity survey was administrated along with KDQoL questionnaire of quality of life. Furthermore, subjects performed the Senior Fitness Test (SFT).

    Results: Significant differences between groups were not found concerning neither the questionnaires nor the physical tests. The three experimental groups showed lower values than same-age healthy individuals regarding both, the questionnaires and the physical tests.

    Conclusion: Alternative treatments in ERC do not have influences on the level of physical activity, fitness and quality of life.

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Kouidi, E., Grekas, D., Deligiannis, A., & Tourkantonis, A. (2004). Outcomes of long-term exercise training in dialysis patients: comparison...
  • K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification. (2002). Am J Kidney Dis, 39(2...
  • Johansen, K. L., Doyle, J., Sakkas, G. K., & Kent-Braun, J. A. (2005). Neural and metabolic mechanisms of excessive muscle fatigue in...
  • McIntyre, C. W., Selby, N. M., Sigrist, M., Pearce, L. E., Mercer, T. H., & Naish, P. F. (2006). Patients receiving maintenance dialysis...
  • Straub, C. K., Murphy, S. O., & Rosenblum, R. (2008). Exercise in the management of fatigue in patients on peritoneal dialysis. Nephrol...
  • Vasilieva, I. A. (2006). Quality of life in chronic hemodialysis patients in Russia. Hemodial Int, 10(3), 274-278.
  • Painter, P., Carlson, L., Carey, S., Paul, S. M., & Myll, J. (2000b). Physical functioning and health-related quality-of-life changes...
  • Deligiannis, A., Kouidi, E., Tassoulas, E., Gigis, P., Tourkantonis, A., & Coats, A. (1999). Cardiac effects of exercise rehabilitation...
  • Konstantinidou, E., Koukouvou, G., Kouidi, E., Deligiannis, A., & Tourkantonis, A. (2002). Exercise training in patients with end-stage...
  • Kouidi, E., Albani, M., Natsis, K., Megalopoulos, A., Gigis, P., Guiba-Tziampiri, O., et al. (1998). The effects of exercise training on muscle...
  • Molsted, S., Eidemak, I., Sorensen, H. T., & Kristensen, J. H. (2004). Five months of physical exercise in hemodialysis patients: effects...
  • Headley, S., Germain, M., Mailloux, P., Mulhern, J., Ashworth, B., Burris, J., et al. (2002). Resistance training improves strength and functional...
  • Oh-Park, M., Fast, A., Gopal, S., Lynn, R., Frei, G., Drenth, R., et al. (2002). Exercise for the dialyzed: aerobic and strength training...
  • Painter, P., Carlson, L., Carey, S., Paul, S. M., & Myll, J. (2000a). Low-functioning hemodialysis patients improve with exercise training....
  • Painter, P., Moore, G., Carlson, L., Paul, S., Myll, J., Phillips, W., et al. (2002). Effects of exercise training plus normalization of hematocrit...
  • Dipietro, L., Caspersen, C. J., Ostfeld, A. M., & Nadel, E. R. (1993). A survey for assessing physical activity among older adults. Med...
  • De Abajo, S., Larriba, R., & Marquez, S. (2001). Validity and reliability of the Yale Physical Activity Survey in Spanish elderly. J Sports...
  • Hays, R. D., Kallich, J. D., Mapes, D. L., Coons, S. J., & Carter, W. B. (1994). Development of the kidney disease quality of life (KDQOL)...
  • García-López, F. J., López-Revuelta, K., Álvaro, F., Prieto, L., & Alonso, J. (1999). Spanish validation of the short form of the Kidney...
  • Rikli, R. E., & Jones, C. J. (1999). Development and validation of a functional fitness test for communityresiding older adults. J. Aging...
  • Garatachea, N., Molinero, O., Martinez-Garcia, R., Jimenez-Jimenez, R., Gonzalez-Gallego, J., & Marquez, S. (2009). Feelings of well being...
  • Sayin, A., Mutluay, R., & Sindel, S. (2007). Quality of life in hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and transplantation patients. Transplant...
  • Carmichael, P., Popoola, J., John, I., Stevens, P. E., & Carmichael, A. R. (2000). Assessment of quality of life in a single centre dialysis...
  • Majkowicz, M., Afeltowicz, Z., Lichodziejewska Niemierko, M., Debska-Slizien, A., & Rutkowski, B. (2000). Comparison of the quality of...
  • Lopez-Garcia, E., Banegas, J. R., Graciani Perez Regadera, A., Gutierrez-Fisac, J. L., Alonso, J., & Rodriguez-Artalejo, F. (2003). [Population-based...
  • Yurdalan, S. U., Kondu, S., & Malkoc, M. (2007). Assessment of health-related fitness in the patients with end-stage renal disease on...
  • Johansen, K. L. (1999). Physical functioning and exercise capacity in patients on dialysis. Adv Ren Replace Ther, 6(2), 141-148.
  • Chen, Y. C., Chen, H. H., Yeh, J. C., & Chen, S. Y. (2000). Body composition in hemodialysis patients-is it different from that of normal...
  • Segura-Orti, E., Kouidi, E., & Lison, J. F. (2009). Effect of resistance exercise during hemodialysis on physical function and quality...