La práctica del yoga y sus beneficios en las personas mayores

• Autores: Silvia Pacheco Carbelo
• Localización: Metas de enfermería, ISSN 1138-7262, Vol. 18, Nº. 7, 2015
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Yoga practice and its benefits in elderly persons
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• Resumen
  • español

    Objetivo: analizar las evidencias disponibles sobre los efectos de la práctica del yoga y su impacto sobre el proceso de envejecimiento.

    Metodología: revisión integrativa, para lo cual se realiza una revisión de la literatura consultando las siguientes bases de datos: PubMed, OTseeker, Cochrane Plus y ScienceDirect. Así mismo, se realiza búsqueda manual en: FreeFullPdf y Google Scholar. Para concretar la búsqueda se aplicaron varios límites: estudios publicados entre 2004 y 2014; publicados en español e inglés; que exploran la experiencia del yoga en mayores de 59 años sin patología asociada y estudios poblacionales cuantitativos.

    Resultados: en 15 estudios (14 en lengua inglesa y uno en español) se analiza la eficacia de diversos tipos de yoga en las personas mayores. Se evidencian efectos beneficiosos a nivel físico (mejora de la movilidad en el tren inferior), cognitivo (mejora del estado de ánimo) y conductual (mejora de la calidad del sueño y calidad de vida).

    Conclusiones: la práctica del yoga aporta beneficios físicos y mentales en mayores que se ajustan a los objetivos de la terapia ocupacional y otras disciplinas de la salud. Las mejoras en aspectos físicos, cognitivos y conductuales llevan hacia una mayor independencia en mayores.

  • English

    Objective: to analyze the evidence available on the effects of yoga practice and its impact on the ageing process.

    Methodology: an integrative review, for which a review of literature was conducted on the following databases: PubMed, OTseeker, Cochrane Plus and ScienceDirect. There was also a manual search conducted in: FreeFullPdf and Google Scholar. Various limits were applied in order to specify the search: studies published between 2004 and 2014, published in Spanish and English, exploring the yoga experience in persons over 59-year-old without any associated condition, and quantitative population studies.

    Results: fifteen (15) studies (14 in English and one in Spanish) analyzed the efficacy of different types of yoga in elderly persons. There is evidence of beneficial effects on a physical level (an improvement in lower body mobility), cognitive level (mood improvement) and behavioural level (improvement in sleep quality and quality of life).

    Conclusions: yoga practice offers physical and mental benefits in older persons, which are adapted to the objectives of occupational therapy and other health disciplines. These improvements in physical, cognitive and behavioural aspects lead to a higher independence in the elderly.

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