El ejercicio es medicina deportiva en jóvenes:: entrenamiento neuromuscular integrado para optimizar el desarrollo motor y reducir el riesgo en las lesiones deportivas

• Autores: Gregory D. Myer, Avery D. Faigenbaum
• Localización: Kronos: revista universitaria de la actividad física y el deporte, ISSN 1579-5225, Vol. 10, Nº. 1, 2011, págs. 39-48
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Exercise is sports medicine in youth: Integrative neuromuscular training to optimize motor development and reduce risk of sports related injury
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Dialnet Métricas: 3 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    En jóvenes, la práctica deportiva habitual no garantiza que estos adquieran una formación motora adecuada a sus necesidades, además la práctica de algún deporte de por sí, sin que existe una preparación condicional previa no parece reducir el riesgo de lesiones en los jóvenes deportistas. Las evidencias científicas actuales indican que el incremento de la práctica deportiva en niños y jóvenes sin la debida preparación condicional conduce a un aumento de la incidencia de lesiones en los jóvenes deportistas. Las nuevas investigaciones nos recomiendan promover el desarrollo de las habilidades motrices básicas, mejorar la fuerza muscular y la actividad ósea desde los 6 años en adelante. Esta recomendación junto con el aumento de la actividad competitiva en edades infantiles ha despertado el interés de los padres, médicos, entrenadores y profesores para diseñar programas de acondicionamiento destinados a mejorar el rendimiento físico y reducir la incidencia de lesiones. En esta revisión, se analizan las últimas publicaciones y la opinión de los expertos acerca de cuál debe ser el periodo más adecuado para iniciar a los jóvenes en un programa de acondicionamiento neuromuscular. Por otro lado, se presentará un modelo para introducir este tipo de programas para maximizar los posibles beneficios sobre la salud y reducir la incidencia de lesiones así como promover un estilo de vida activo en los niños y adolescentes.

  • English

    Regular participation in organized youth sports does not ensure adequate exposure to skill- and health-related fitness activities, and sport training without preparatory conditioning does not appear to reduce risk of injury in young athletes. Current evidence indicates the widespread increased participation in organized youth sports is resulting from participation at younger ages. Concomitant with the increased participation without adequate preparatory condition is a surge of sports related injuries in our younger populations. Emergent research recommendations now promote motor development, muscle strengthening and bone building activities for youth aged 6 and older. These recommendation along with increased involvement in competitive sport activities at younger ages, have influenced increased interest from parents, clinicians, coaches and teachers regarding the optimal age to encourage and integrate more specialized physical training into youth development programs to enhance physical fitness and reduce the risk of sports related injury. This review synthesizes the latest literature and expert opinion regarding when to initiate neuromuscular conditioning in youth and presents a how to integrative neuromuscular training conceptual model that could maximize the potential health-related benefits for children by reducing sports-related injury risk and encouraging lifelong regular physical activity.

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