Acceso usuarios
Rosa D. Villalba
La calidad de las prestaciones que se brindan en Atención Primaria de la Salud, (APS), está fuertemente ligada a la aplicación de la ciencia, tecnología y relación interpersonal entre profesional y cliente. Además está influenciada por las características del entorno o infraestructura en donde se realizan las acciones de salud.
Distintos autores presentan su propia orientación para evaluar la calidad. Aun cuando son enfoques diferentes, los aspectos de estructura, proceso y resultado están siempre presentes.
Sin embargo específicamente en la Atención Primaria de la Salud los aspectos a considerar en la evaluación podrían alinearse en dos grandes dimensiones: las características propias de la APS y aspectos derivados de la misma.
De esta manera se desagregan cada una de ellas en variables operativas, permitiendo medir por ejemplo la integralidad y coordinación en las prestaciones ofrecidas, integración de aspectos culturales en el modelo de atención aplicado, trabajo intersectorial en base a redes, entre otros.
The quality of the Health Primary Attention (HPA) service is strongly connected to science, technology and interpersonal relationship between professionals and health system users. In addition, it is influenced by the environment characteristics and the health infrastructure.
Different authors give their own view to evaluate the HPA quality. Even though they have different approaches, aspects like: structure, process and result are always present.
Specifically, in the Health Primary Attention the aspects to consider in the evaluation could be aligned in two great dimensions: the HPA characteristics and derivative aspects of the HPA.
From them it is possible to deduce operative variables. This allow to measure, for example, how integral and coordinate are the health service, the cultural aspects applied to the medical care model, the effectiveness of the multisectorial networks work, among others.
Considering that the backbone of the HPA is the health promotion, the impact of professional activities must be measurement through the changes in the population behaviors.
From this perspective, the changes in the population behavior must be done from the development centered in people, in this way can contribute to reduce the social inequalities, minimize the crisis impact, enlarge the participation opportunities empowering people.
The application of models where the quantitative and qualitative are complemented guarantees the result measurement, benefiting the holist view, which must be used by the HPS to take into account the health issues.
The qualitative methodologies are those that contribute with better results to the external evidence due to they measure the population changes and behaviors and the result of the favorable environment in the macro and micro social level.
