Implementación de dos programas educativos estructurados dirigidos por enfermeras para mejorar el control glucémico en personas con diabetes

• Carmen Amelia Ruiz Trillo ^[1] ; Pilar Santa Cruz-Álvarez ^[1] ; Carmen Gamero Dorado ^[1] ; Ana Pérez Morales ^[1] ; Ana Cortés Lerena ^[1] ; Mónica Enríquez Macías ^[1] ; Fátima Farfan Díaz ^[1] ; Miguel Garrido Bueno ^[2]
  1. [1] Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío

     Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío

     Sevilla, España

     
  2. [2] Universidad de Sevilla

     Universidad de Sevilla

     Sevilla, España

     
• Localización: RqR Enfermería Comunitaria, ISSN-e 2254-8270, Vol. 13, Nº. 2, 2025, págs. 61-70
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Implementation of Two Structured Nurse-Led Education Programs to Improve Glycemic Control in People With Diabetes
• Enlaces
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• Resumen
  • español

    Objetivo Analizar el efecto de dos intervenciones educativas dirigidas por enfermeras sobre el control glucémico en personas con diabetes mellitus.

    Metodología Estudio retrospectivo, unigrupal y no aleatorizado, realizado en un hospital del sur de España. Participaron personas adultas con diabetes, tratadas con insulina. Se aplicaron programas educativos progresivos: uno básico y otro avanzado, ambos con un enfoque centrado en la persona y orientado a la mejora de la salud.

    Resultados Setenta y ocho personas completaron el estudio. Se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los niveles de hemoglobina glucosilada en todos los momentos de medición. La magnitud del efecto fue alta.

    Conclusión La educación estructurada liderada por enfermeras mejora el control glucémico y representa una herramienta eficaz para fortalecer la prevención de complicaciones y la promoción de la salud en el ámbito comunitario, consolidando el rol activo de la enfermería en el acompañamiento de enfermedades crónicas.

  • English

    Objective: To analyze the effect of two nurse-led educational interventions on glycemic con-trol in individuals with diabetes mellitus.Methodology: A retrospective, single-group, non-randomized study conducted at a hospital in southern Spain. Adult participants with insu-lin-treated diabetes were included. Two progres-sive educational programs—one basic and one advanced—were implemented, both person-cen-tered and focused on health improvement.Results: Seventy-eight individuals completed the study. Significant differences were observed in all glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measure-ments (p < 0.001). The effect size was large (d > 1.7), with average HbA1c reductions of 3.8% and 6.0% following the survival and advanced edu-cation programs, respectively.Conclusions: Structured nurse-led education improves glycemic control and serves as an ef-fective tool for preventing complications and promoting health in community settings. These findings reinforce the active role of nursing in supporting individuals with chronic illnesses.

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