Experiencias y percepciones de los cuidados de enfermería en trasplante renal pediátrico: una revisión sistemática

• Autores: Gema Reina Rodríguez, Lucía Geniz Rodríguez, Alfredo García Ruiz
• Localización: Revista Sanitaria de Investigación, ISSN-e 2660-7085, Vol. 6, Nº. 10, 2025
• Idioma: español
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    El trasplante renal pediátrico supone un cambio profundo no sólo físico, sino emocional, educativo y social tanto para el niño como para su familia. Los cuidados de enfermería juegan un papel clave en todas las fases: pre-trasplante, trasplante, recuperación, reintegración social y escolar, y seguimiento. Esta revisión sistemática explora las experiencias, necesidades y percepciones vinculadas a los cuidados de enfermería en pacientes pediátricos trasplantados de riñón, así como de sus cuidadores/familias. Se identifican temas centrales como la educación sanitaria individualizada, el apoyo psicológico, manejo de la incertidumbre, la adaptación escolar y la carga para los cuidadores. Se concluye que es esencial un enfoque multidisciplinar, apoyo continuo y estrategias específicas de enfermería centradas en la persona con participación familiar, para mejorar la calidad de vida, adherencia y bienestar global.

  • English

    Pediatric kidney transplantation involves significant changes in the physical, emotional, educational, and social domains for both the child and their family. Nursing care is essential across all stages: pre-transplant, transplantation, recovery, social and school reintegration, and follow-up. This systematic review examines the experiences, needs, and perceptions of pediatric transplant patients and their families regarding nursing care. Key themes identified include individualized health education, psychological support, management of uncertainty, school adaptation, and caregiver burden. It is concluded that a multidisciplinary approach, continuous support, and nursing strategies centered on the patient with family involvement improve quality of life, treatment adherence, and overall well-being.

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