Acceso usuarios
Introducción: Los trastornos de conducta alimenticia establecen alteraciones severas en la alimentación de quienes lo padecen que afecta negativamente en el estado nutricional, problema que se ha incrementado en las últimas décadas en los adolescentes.
Objetivo: Determinar la relación de la composición corporal con los riesgos de trastorno de conducta alimentaria en estudiantes de secundaria de la Institución Educativa 80891 de la ciudad de Trujillo (Perú).
Materiales y Métodos: Investigación descriptivo correlacional y de corte transversal en 145 adolescentes de los grados tercero, cuarto y quinto de secundaria. Como instrumento se utilizó el cuestionario EAT-26 (Eating Attitudes Test – 26) y el bioimpedanciómetro OMRON HBF-514C. Se empleó la prueba estadística de chi cuadrado y los coeficientes de correlación de Tau b y Tau c de Kendall por medio del programa informático SPSS versión 26.
Resultados: El 47,6% de los adolescentes presentaron riesgo de trastorno alimenticio, no existiendo diferencia significativa entre el sexo femenino y masculino (p > 0,05). Además, según el IMC presentaron sobrepeso 23,4% y obesidad 4,1%; masa muscular baja 49%; masa grasa visceral alta y muy alta en 17,9 y 2,8% respectivamente.
Conclusión: Se concluye que el IMC y la masa grasa visceral de la variable composición corporal se relacionan con el riesgo de trastorno de conducta alimentaria sólo con el cuarto grado de secundaria, con una asociación inversa y de grado bajo entre las variables.
Introduction: Eating disorders establish severe alterations in the eating habits of those who suffer from them, negatively affecting their nutritional status. This problem has increased in recent decades among adolescents.
Objective: To determine the relationship between body composition and the risks of eating disorder behavior in high school students at Educational Institution 80891 in the city of Trujillo (Peru).
Materials and Methods: A descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional study was conducted with 145 adolescents from the third, fourth, and fifth years of secondary school. To assess the risk of eating behavior disorder (EBD), the EAT-26 questionnaire (Eating Attitudes Test – 26) was used, while anthropometric measurements were taken using the OMRON HBF-514C bioimpedance analyzer. The chi-square statistical test was employed to establish the relationship between the risk of EBD and body composition variables such as body mass index (BMI), visceral fat mass (VFM), and muscle mass. For correlations, Kendall’s Tau-b and Tau-c coefficients were used through SPSS software version 26.
Results: 47.6% of the evaluated students presented a risk of eating behavior disorder (EBD). Muscle mass in males and females was low at 23.4% and 25.5%, respectively, and the percentage VFM was above the normal value of 9%, at 11.1% in males and 9.7% in females. Only in the fourth year of secondary school was a weak, statistically significant inverse association found between EBD and BMI (p=0.022; Tau-c=-0.326), as well as between EBD and VFM (Tau-b=-0.331; p=0.019).
Conclusion: It was concluded that there is no relationship between body composition and the risk of eating behavior disorder.
