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Introduction: Poverty is one of the key factors influencing food security in both urban and rural areas. This condition affects the decision-making of poor households regarding the implementation of food coping strategies. The objective of this study is to systematically analyze the level of food security among poor households in rural and urban.
Methods: This study employs a systematic review approach following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Relevant articles were sourced from seven databases: Publish or Perish 8, PubMed, MDPI, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Semantic Scholar. The selected articles were published between 2015 and 2025, covering both Indonesian and international publications.
Results: Total of 12 articles met the inclusion criteria, revealing differences in food security levels between poor households in urban and rural areas. Rural poor households tend to have greater food security compared to their urban counterparts. The food coping strategies adopted by poor households in rural areas are generally more effective in ensuring food security than those implemented in urban.
Conclusion: This study identifies disparities in food security between poor households in urban and rural areas. Poor households in rural areas tend to be more food secure due to greater access to food resources, while those in urban areas are more dependent on income and market conditions, making them more vulnerable. Poor households address food insecurity through various food coping strategies, including reducing food consumption, purchasing cheaper food, or relying on assistance. These strategies vary depending on regional conditions.
