Lesión del ligamento cruzado anterior: estrategias de rehabilitación y resultados funcionales

• Autores: Patricia Costa Rodriguez, Ignacio Conde Arias, Raquel Magaz Montaner, Ana María Lascorz Goicoechea, Teresa Sierra Pascual, Andrea Fumanal Escartín
• Localización: Revista Sanitaria de Investigación, ISSN-e 2660-7085, Vol. 6, Nº. 9, 2025
• Idioma: español
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    La lesión del ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) es frecuente en deportistas, especialmente en deportes de salto y cambios de dirección, provocando inestabilidad, dolor y limitación funcional.

    Esta revisión sistemática analiza estudios publicados entre 2010 y 2023 sobre rehabilitación postoperatoria y conservadora del LCA, incluyendo fortalecimiento, control neuromuscular y ejercicios funcionales. Se incluyeron 25 estudios con resultados de fuerza muscular, estabilidad articular, retorno al deporte y calidad de vida.

    Los programas supervisados que combinan fortalecimiento excéntrico, propiocepción y entrenamiento funcional muestran recuperación óptima y reducción del riesgo de lesión. La integración de entrenamiento específico deportivo facilita el retorno seguro a la actividad competitiva.

  • English

    Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is common in athletes, causing instability, pain, and functional limitation.

    This systematic review analyzes studies published between 2010 and 2023 on post-operative and conservative ACL rehabilitation, including strengthening, neuromuscular control, and functional exercises. Twenty-five studies evaluated muscle strength, joint stability, return-to-sport, and quality of life.

    Supervised programs combining eccentric strengthening, proprioception, and functional training optimize recovery and reduce reinjury. Sport-specific skill integration allows safe return to competitive activity.

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