Acceso usuarios
Nayane Rodrigues Silva
, Neon Sol Teixeira Abrantes, Nathália Rubim Gomes Ríos, María Adela Pérez
Introduccion: La diabetes mellitus, es un conjunto de trastornos metabólicos que se caracteriza por niveles elevados de glucosa en sangre, por defectos en la secreción de insulina. la predisposición genética, la obesidad y una dieta poco saludable están vinculados con el desarrollo de la enfermedad. Objetivos: Caracterizar a los pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y sus comorbilidades en un Hospital Público de Paraguay, de enero a abril de 2024. Metodología: El diseño de estudio de corte transversal, observacional y descriptivo, los datos se obtuvieron de fichas clínicas de los pacientes, la muestra 224 pacientes diabéticos. Resultados: Los datos predominantes: 119(53%) pacientes del sexo masculino, 79 (35%)pacientes corresponden a la edad de 46 a 59 años. El estado civil: 84 pacientes (37%) son solteros, 75 pacientes (33%) casados. El grado de escolaridad 84 pacientes (37%) completaron el secundario. Con relación a las enfermedades de base171 pacientes (76%) no presentaban ningún tipo de comorbilidades, 23 pacientes (10%) presentaban hipertensión arterial, dislipidemia: 16 pacientes el 7%.63 pacientes (73%) solamente usaron metformina, 30 pacientes (13%) utilizaron metformina e insulina, 23 pacientes (10%) solamente insulina. Discusión: Las investigaciones similares reportan casos de diabetes mellitus en personas de edades ligeramente superiores, destacando la importancia del autocuidado personal, el desarrollo de talleres de prevención y cuidado del paciente para evitar desarrollar complicaciones. Conclusión: Se logro satisfactoriamente caracterizar a los pacientes adultos de un hospital público de Paraguay, se describió sus variables sociodemográficas, se vieron las comorbilidades presentes y el tratamiento más utilizado.
Diabetes mellitus, a set of metabolic disorders characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to defects in insulin secretion, its action, or both, represents a significant public health challenge. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), which ranges from insulin resistance with relative deficiency to a secretory defect with resistance, constitutes between 90% and 95% of all cases of diabetes and is the most prevalent endocrine disease. The objective of the present study was to characterize patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and their possible comorbidities at the Limpio Maternal Hospital during the months of January to April 2024. A cross-sectional, observational and descriptive study design was used, obtaining the data of the clinical records corresponding to said period. The results showed that the sample included a total of 224 people, 53.13% being men, with a majority of single patients (37.50%, 84 people). The most represented age group was 46 to 59 years old (35.27%, 79 people), and the most common educational level was completed secondary education (37.50%, 84 people). The vast majority of patients (76.34%, 171 people) did not have additional comorbidities, and a high percentage (72.77%, 163 people) used metformin as the main treatment for diabetes. In conclusion, the profile of the patients diabetics in this study reveals a male predominance and a significant concentration in the age group of 46 to 59 years. Most patients have high school education and single marital status. Systemic arterial hypertension was the most frequent comorbidity, and metformin stood out as the most used drug, attributable to its cost and accessible form of administration.
