Educación sanitaria en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica avanzada desde consultas externas

• Autores: Ana María Sánchez Arnás
• Localización: Revista Sanitaria de Investigación, ISSN-e 2660-7085, Vol. 6, Nº. 4, 2025
• Idioma: español
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    La educación sanitaria es un pilar fundamental en el manejo integral del paciente con enfermedad renal crónica avanzada (ERCA). Desde las consultas externas, el personal de enfermería realiza una intervención clave que incide directamente en la adherencia terapéutica, autocuidado, calidad de vida y retraso en la progresión de la enfermedad renal. Este artículo revisa la importancia y los beneficios de la educación sanitaria impartida por enfermería en pacientes con ERCA, describiendo métodos efectivos, herramientas pedagógicas, estrategias de intervención individual y grupal, así como la coordinación interdisciplinar en consultas externas. Se analizan estudios recientes publicados entre 2015 y 2024 en bases científicas internacionales, identificando las intervenciones educativas más exitosas y los resultados obtenidos.

  • English

    Health education is a fundamental pillar in the comprehensive management of patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). From outpatient clinics, nursing staff play a critical role, directly influencing treatment adherence, self-care, quality of life, and delaying CKD progression. This article reviews the importance and benefits of nursing health education in patients with advanced CKD, describing effective methods, educational tools, individual and group intervention strategies, and interdisciplinary coordination in outpatient settings. Recent studies published between 2015 and 2024 in international scientific databases are analyzed, identifying the most successful educational interventions and outcomes achieved.

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). Kidney Int Suppl. 2020;10:e1-e115.
  • Webster AC, et al. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;CD012091.
  • McCullough PA, et al. Am J Kidney Dis. 2019;73(1):4-11.
  • Wong MM, et al. Kidney Int. 2018;93(4):977-993.
  • Levin A, et al. Lancet. 2017;390(10105):1888-1917.
  • González AM, et al. Educational interventions to improve self-care behaviors in patients with chronic kidney disease. J Ren Care. 2020;46(3):158-167.
  • Kim Y, et al. Effectiveness of educational intervention on adherence and self-management behaviors among patients with chronic kidney disease....
  • Donald M, et al. Benefits of peer group support and education in chronic kidney disease. Clin Kidney J. 2018;11(4):548-556.
  • Zimbudzi E, et al. Group-based education strategies in chronic kidney disease management: a systematic review. Nephrology. 2021;26(3):229-238.
  • Clarke AL, et al. Barriers to education and treatment adherence in chronic kidney disease: a narrative review. Am J Nephrol. 2019;50(1):40-47.
  • Narva AS, et al. Educational interventions in chronic kidney disease management: evidence and opportunities. Kidney Med. 2021;3(5):763-774.
  • Griva K, et al. Promoting adherence and quality of life through educational interventions in chronic kidney disease. J Adv Nurs. 2020;76(3):736-748.
  • Van Der Veer SN, et al. Personalized educational interventions in CKD: effectiveness and limitations. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2018;33(12):2050-2064.
  • Jain N, et al. Multidisciplinary approaches in the outpatient management of chronic kidney disease: a review. Kidney Int Rep. 2019;4(4):526-535.
  • National Kidney Foundation. KDOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines for Nutrition in Chronic Kidney Disease: 2020 Update.