Acceso usuarios
Ani Khachatryan Sirakanyan, Marta Mur Irizar, David Guallar García, Nuria Céspedes Fanlo, Lorien Bovio Albasini, Laura Herrero Martin
Los estados hipertensivos del embarazo son la segunda causa de mortalidad materna en los países desarrollados, y a largo plazo aumentan el riesgo cardiovascular y cerebrovascular. Su fisiopatología parece derivar de una implantación anormal placentaria favoreciendo a los factores antiangiogénicos. Existen distintos criterios diagnósticos para clasificarlas como preeclampsia, eclampsia, hipertensión arterial crónica o hipertensión arterial con preeclampsia añadida. En el manejo analgésico y anestésico durante el parto, las técnicas neuroaxiales son seguras si no hay alteraciones analíticas ni otras contraindicaciones, pero en casos de plaquetopenia severa, coagulopatía, eclampsia establecida o pérdida de bienestar fetal, está indicada la anestesia general.
Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy are the second leading cause of maternal mortality in developed countries and, in the long term, they increase the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications. Their pathophysiology appears to originate from abnormal placental implantation, which promotes the release of antiangiogenic factors. Various diagnostic criteria are used to classify these disorders as preeclampsia, eclampsia, chronic hypertension, or hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia. Regarding the anesthetic and analgesic management of these conditions, neuraxial techniques are considered safe provided there are no blood test abnormalities or other contraindications. However, in cases of severe thrombocytopenia, coagulopathy, eclampsia, or fetal distress, general anesthesia is recommended.
